The website of the National Energy Administration issued a document on January 23, and the "Biodiesel Industry Development Policy" has been discussed and passed at the office meeting of the Director of the National Energy Administration, and is now issued. The policy proposes to scientifically formulate industrial planning, strengthen the coordination of planning at all levels, and guide the standardized and orderly development of biodiesel industry.
The biodiesel industry, whose market prospect was once widely optimistic, has fallen into the predicament of a large number of production enterprises losing money or even stopping production after years of support and pilot projects in some areas. The reporter’s recent investigation in Hainan, Yunnan, Hubei and other places found that due to factors such as poor sales channels, insufficient supply of raw materials and insufficient support, the development of biodiesel enterprises in China is struggling, and the gap with foreign countries is growing. Where will the biodiesel facing the "life and death robbery" go?
A large number of enterprises stopped production and the industry as a whole was in trouble.
As one of the national pilot projects to promote biodiesel, Hainan Province began to promote the sale of biodiesel in many Sinopec gas stations in Chengmai and Lingao as early as 2010, and became the first province in China to close the sale of biodiesel. Among the B5 biodiesel blended fuels on trial sale in Hainan, the blending ratio of biodiesel is 2% ~ 5%, all of which are produced by the biodiesel factory of CNOOC New Energy (Hainan) Bioenergy Chemical Co., Ltd. located in Dongfang City, Hainan Province.
However, the reporter recently found that almost all gas stations have stopped selling biodiesel. At a gas station in Chengmai County, the biodiesel signboard that had been prominently displayed has long been removed. A staff member said that when the gas station used to sell biodiesel, the sales volume was ok, but it never resumed supply after the sale.
Zhang Zhigang, general manager of Yangpu Delong Industrial Co., Ltd., still insists on doing biodiesel business. However, in his view, it is difficult to promote biodiesel in Hainan at present, because biodiesel can hardly enter the automobile oil sales market now, and it is mainly used for shipping fuel, and the sales target is mainly fishermen.
Li Songlin, general manager of CNOOC New Energy (Hainan) Bioenergy Chemical Co., Ltd., which is in charge of the pilot oil supply of biodiesel in Hainan, said that due to the failure to renew the sales contract, the gas station channel was blocked, and the 60,000-ton biodiesel production line with huge investment only reached 15,000 tons in 2012, and then it fell into a perennial loss situation, and now it is insolvent.
The market prospect is promising, but the promotion has hit a wall everywhere. The current situation of biodiesel in Hainan is the epitome of the dilemma of biodiesel in China. The reporter visited a number of gas stations in Beijing, Kunming, Wuhan and other cities and found that no gas station supplied biodiesel. Statistics from industry organizations show that during the peak period of biodiesel development, there were more than 300 enterprises involved in production in China, but at present, there are less than 30 enterprises involved in the whole line of production. Li Qin, director of the Coordination and Technical Equipment Division of Yunnan Energy Bureau, said that Yunnan fully supports the biodiesel industry, but at present, the annual biodiesel production capacity is only 18,000 tons, and it is not the actual output, which is far from the planned goal of producing and using 50,000 tons to 100,000 tons by 2015.
The tide of stop production of biodiesel enterprises in recent years has caused widespread concern in the market. Hengshunda Company, a large biodiesel producer in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, suddenly announced that it would stop production due to the break of the capital chain in June. More than 30 biodiesel enterprises in Henan Province have all stopped production. Nong Shuren, the head of Naineng Company, which used to manufacture and sell biodiesel in Kunming, Yunnan, said that despite the market demand, most biodiesel enterprises stopped production at a loss, which was really helpless and regrettable.
It is difficult to enjoy the policy of not eating enough raw materials with limited terminal sales.
The reporter found that at present, the production process of biodiesel in China is relatively mature, and the corresponding national standards for blended fuels have also been issued. There are three main reasons why the development of biodiesel industry has stalled.
— — The phenomenon of "stuck neck" in the sales of refined oil products is prominent. Li Songlin said that after the "gust of wind" of biodiesel promotion passed, since the end of 2011, the original oil ordering contract with Sinopec, PetroChina and other oil sales enterprises expired, and the other party did not renew it. Under the premise of sufficient supply of its products, due to the monopoly position of Sinopec and other enterprises in the market, biodiesel can not enter the vehicle oil market again, and now it can only enter the ship oil supply market. Han Ling, deputy director of the management department of Sinopec Hainan Branch, said in an interview that the trial sale of biodiesel has been too long and the specific situation is not clear.
At the end of July 2014, Yunnan Yingding, a private enterprise with an annual output of 15,000 tons of biodiesel, sued Sinopec Yunnan Branch for market monopoly on the grounds of refusing to sell biodiesel, which caused widespread concern in Kunming Intermediate People’s Court. Lv Bo, chairman of Yingding Company, said that the renewable energy law stipulates that oil sales enterprises should incorporate bio-liquid fuels that meet the national standards into their sales system, but Sinopec, which occupies most of the sales market of Yunnan refined oil, has always refused to sell its bio-diesel that meets the standards. The authorized attorney of Sinopec Yunnan Branch said that because the promotion conditions have not yet been met, the sale of biodiesel is bound to cause a lot of losses. Since then, the court has repeatedly organized mediation between the two parties to no avail.
Zhang Zhigang told reporters that biodiesel enterprises have no oil distribution qualification and can only sell their products to Sinopec, PetroChina and other enterprises. Although biodiesel has a price advantage, it has been neglected by "oil giants" and relevant laws and regulations have become a dead letter. Without the huge regular automobile oil market, enterprises can only build their own sales channels and sell them to customers such as fishing boats and transport fleets, which makes it difficult to achieve economies of scale.
— — Insufficient supply of raw materials makes it difficult to make profits. Gao Xiang, marketing manager of Wuhan Jiayuanhua Company, said that although the company has built thousands of kitchen waste recycling points in various enterprises and communities in Wuhan, there are still a large number of biodiesel production lines with a daily production capacity of 200 tons, and the monthly output is only 200 tons. According to a survey conducted by Yunnan Scientific Research Department, Kunming produces about 160,000 tons of waste oil every year, and only 0.4 million tons is used as raw material for biodiesel production.
Luo Jianqiang, deputy researcher of Hainan Provincial Department of Commerce, said that recycling waste oil is the main raw material for biodiesel production in China. On the one hand, the waste oil collection system in various places is not perfect, and criminals are still rampant in refining waste oil as edible oil; On the other hand, in order to avoid taxes and evade taxes, waste oil suppliers do not provide invoices, which makes the VAT burden of biodiesel production enterprises increase.
— — The policy package is not perfect. Many leaders of biodiesel enterprises said that although the state has many supporting policies for biodiesel, there are still many things to be improved compared with the production and sales system of petrochemical diesel. For example, the state subsidizes petrochemical diesel in the refining process and the use of urban public transport, while biodiesel does not; The VAT on biodiesel is levied first and then refunded, but the tax cannot be refunded until the second year, which makes a lot of funds occupied by enterprises and intensifies the operating pressure.
Sales need to be broadened and pricing needs to be clarified.
Zhang Wudi, a professor at the School of Energy of Yunnan Normal University, said that biodiesel has been used in many States in the United States, with an annual output of more than 3 million tons; France, Brazil and other countries require that diesel oil must be mixed with 5% biodiesel. However, the production and sales of biodiesel in China have been stagnant for a long time. At present, the national annual output is only 1 million tons, accounting for less than 1% of the total diesel sales.
According to the person in charge of the biodiesel production enterprise and industry experts interviewed, according to the sales of 160 million tons of diesel oil by Sinopec and PetroChina in 2013, if the biodiesel mixture can reach 5%, the total amount can reach 8 million tons, and 5% biodiesel that meets the standard can reduce the emission of black smoke by 80% and hydrocarbon emission by 30%, which can produce huge comprehensive economic and environmental benefits.
Industry insiders and related experts said that in fact, the conditions for the rapid development of China’s biodiesel industry have been met. At present, we only need to take measures to accelerate the popularization of biodiesel from the following aspects:
It is urgent to broaden the terminal sales and improve the standard system. Wang Jianguo, director of the Marketing Department of the Hainan Provincial Department of Commerce, said that relevant departments should coordinate PetroChina, Sinopec and other enterprises to implement relevant laws and regulations, accept biodiesel that meets the standards for sale, and take the blending rate of biodiesel as an assessment index for oil sales enterprises to break the sales bottleneck of biodiesel.
Zhang Ping, executive president of China Renewable Energy Industry Association, believes that on the basis of the existing technical standards, corresponding national standards on quality, production process, process design and safety production should be established according to the characteristics of biodiesel, so as to provide a basis for quality inspection departments and dispute arbitration and supervise enterprises to standardize production.
The management of waste oil collection and sales needs to be further standardized. Bao Guirong, a professor at the School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, said that the responsible departments should be clear about the whole process of filing, monitoring and managing the collection, transportation, processing and sales of waste oils such as waste oil, speed up the recycling and harmless utilization of waste oil, and promote scientific research, breeding varieties of non-food energy crops that adapt to saline-alkali land, sandy wasteland and other conditions, and form a raw material producing area for biodiesel crops.
Supporting and pricing policies still need to be improved. Li Songlin, Lu Bo and other leaders of biodiesel enterprises suggested that biodiesel and petrochemical diesel should be included in the scope of subsidies in terms of diesel production, sales and use. Adjust the tax policy of biodiesel in a timely manner, and change the first levy and then return to the immediate levy and return; Adjust the existing oil price management policy in a timely manner, and clarify the pricing basis of biodiesel. (Half-monthly talk network reporter Wang Cunfu Li Jinfeng He Chunhao)
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