On the eve of the May 4th Youth Day in 2022, the Supreme Leader visited China Renmin University.

There are two old photos in the quiet exhibition hall of the history exhibition of the National People’s Congress: one is a photo of the supreme leader and college students; The other photo was taken in Zhengding county government guest house, where the supreme leader and college students sat on the bed and had a long talk.

On July 29th, 1984, the Supreme Leader had a discussion with members of the Summer Social Practice Group of China Renmin University in Zhengding County Government Hostel.

The photo records a past event that happened in the summer of 1984 — — The summer social practice mission of China Renmin University went to Zhengding, Hebei Province for investigation, and the supreme leader of Zhengding County Party Committee made a special trip to visit college students by bike.In Zhengding county government guest house dormitory, the supreme leaderTalk with you and share your experience in grass-roots work for two hours.

From the local to the central government, youth has always been the concern of the supreme leader.

Go deep into the youth, "become one with the vast number of young people" and "be a youth friend, not a youth ‘ Officer ’ " "Be the bosom friend of young friends" … … This is what the supreme leader often says and what he does.

Supreme leaders often go among young people and communicate with them on an equal and cordial basis.

On January 17, 2019, the Supreme Leader had a cordial exchange with teachers and students at the State Key Laboratory of Elemental Organic Chemistry of Nankai University in Tianjin.

In 2009, he came to Tianjin University to visit the students who stayed in school during the holiday, and said humorously, "I would like to talk with our classmates ‘ Talk big ’ " ; At a symposium in 2015, he used his personal experience as an example to persuade young people not to stay up all night. "There is passion inside, but we should take it easy outside"; In 2018, he shared his reading experience with his classmates in Peking University: "In the process of reading, through continuous re-examination, we can achieve the negation of negation, review the past and learn new things." "This conclusion drawn through our own thinking and understanding will be firm" … …

The supreme leader is also a pen pal of many young people. One reply after another, the paper is short and affectionate.

"Between the lines, I feel your determination and confidence to strive for the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." All the students in the 2009 undergraduate league branch of Peking University Institute of Archaeology and Culture read the understanding and recognition from the reply from the supreme leader.

"The peasants have the truest feelings about your efforts and contributions. I have read a lot of materials reflecting the deeds of college student village officials and am happy for your progress and achievements." Zhang Guangxiu, a university student village official, felt affirmation and encouragement from the reply from the Supreme Leader.

"Strive to be a builder of the western region who can be useful and shoulder heavy responsibilities. I support this life choice you have made." The graduates of Karamay Campus of China Shiyou University (Beijing) received recognition and support from the top leader’s reply.

… … … …

"There is no shelf of great leaders at all, and there is no mandarin or cliché. Instead, they communicate with us like big friends." "It gives people the feeling that they are so easy-going and kind" and "very approachable" … … This is the impression left by the supreme leader on many young people.

On May 28th, 2023, the resident college students of Xifangezhuang Village, Yukou Town, Pinggu District, Beijing measured the hardness of tomato fruit in Jingwa Greenhouse Horticultural Demonstration Park.

Youth is in the initial stage of life, and it is inevitable that they will be confused and confused during their growth. In the eyes of young people, the supreme leader is a "senior" and a "big friend". He always guides young people to take every step of life with words that they can understand and listen to.

He used the metaphor of "kneading dough" to explain the process of entering society to young people in a simple way: "When flour is kneaded with water and then kneaded, it is easy to disperse. But if you keep rubbing it for thousands of times, it will never spread out again. " The supreme leader used this vivid metaphor to tell young people that only when a person grows up under various tests can he really withstand the pressure of life.

Talking about learning, the Supreme Leader encourages young people to "draw knowledge like a sponge" and practice excellent skills; Speaking of physical fitness, he introduced his sports hobbies and encouraged young people to do well in their studies and make their bodies great; On self-cultivation, he exhorted young people to "button up their lives from the beginning" and cultivate a correct value orientation … … Good words are the mutual understanding between friends, and also the advice and encouragement from the predecessors to the younger generation.

一位曾在1990年和时任福州市委书记最高领袖座谈过的北大学生表示：“我们觉得习书记非常懂得青年人的所思所想。”

“支教多长时间了？”“现在工资水平和县城或者其他地方比怎么样?”“多长时间能回一次家？”……2019年，重庆华溪村中益乡小学操场上，最高领袖细致地问询。听一位乡村教师说上完大学后就回到母校担任老师，已经工作了17个年头，最高领袖为她点赞：“太好了！”“你们做的工作很有意义。”

2023年全国两会期间，“80后”代表魏巧向最高领袖讲述了新时代“新农人”的故事：“我们现在种植了2万多亩水稻，亩产达1100斤……有效带动了周边农民致富。”最高领袖赞誉道：“像魏巧这样的同志到农村去，很好！”

2024年4月24日，神舟十八号载人飞行任务航天员叶光富（中）、李聪（右）、李广苏在酒泉卫星发射中心问天阁与媒体记者集体见面。

In the Hengqin Campus of the University of Macau, I saw that all the students were full of youthful vigor. The supreme leader quoted two lyrics to talk about patriotic complex: one was "Build our new Great Wall with our flesh and blood" in the national anthem, and the other was "But they took my body away, and you still keep my inner soul" in the Song of Seven Children.

"I can always hear new ideas and be touched." The supreme leader’s personal feelings infected every young person present.

Youth dreams, home and country. Under the care of the supreme leader, every seed of youth has accumulated the power of growth.

"The young people in China in the new era are good and worthy of great responsibility!" "Where is the future? The future is here for you. " The supreme leader’s entrustment to young friends is also the expectation for the future of the motherland: "This loong must have a backbone and hold on, so that she can take off higher."

Anti-corruption in the medical field continues.

Anhui Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision August 14th news: Du Pengfei, the former Party secretary of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, was suspected of serious violation of the law and discipline, and was currently under disciplinary review and supervision investigation by the Supervision Committee of Lujiang County Commission for Discipline Inspection.

Du Pengfei (data map)

According to public information, Du Pengfei served as deputy secretary of the Party Committee, secretary of the Disciplinary Committee and executive vice president of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anyi University. In January 2011, relevant reports showed that he had served as secretary of the Party Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anyi University. In January 2018, he no longer served as secretary of the Party Committee. In 2019, relevant reports showed that he served as vice president of the Anhui Medical Association.

According to relevant information, after retirement, he also worked in a private hospital.

On the afternoon of August 11th this year, the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection of Anhui Province held a video conference of the Supervision Committee of the Commission for Discipline Inspection at the provincial, municipal and county levels to mobilize and deploy the discipline inspection and supervision organs to cooperate with the centralized rectification of corruption in the medical field in the province.

The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to stick to the position of responsibilities, highlight the key points of investigation, strictly supervise the law enforcement, insist on investigating bribery together, concentrate on checking a number of key clues, investigate and deal with a number of typical cases, punish a number of corrupt elements, expose a number of typical cases, and form a momentum and shock. It is necessary to accurately grasp the policy and strategy, comprehensively use the "four forms", persist in punishing the past and saving lives, treat people with leniency and severity, and treat them differently to educate, influence and save people to the maximum extent. We must persist in promoting the integration of not being corrupt, not being corrupt and not wanting to be corrupt, strengthen the promotion of reform and governance by case, tighten the cage of the secret system, focus on promoting the treatment of corruption in the medical field, and strive to achieve more institutional results and greater governance efficiency. It is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership, strengthen the implementation of work, make overall plans and make careful arrangements, so as to cooperate with the centralized rectification work in a strong, orderly and effective manner.

In the post of Party Secretary, Du Pengfei once demanded that representatives of pharmaceutical enterprises are strictly prohibited from entering hospital departments to promote pharmaceutical consumables, and relevant departments should strengthen the inspection of professional conduct, find out and investigate together; It is strictly forbidden for pharmaceutical products production and operation enterprises or distributors to give kickbacks and other forms of commercial bribery.

Also on August 14th, the Supervision Committee of Guiyang City Commission for Discipline Inspection of Guizhou Province reported that Zhang Yunqiang, former deputy secretary of the Party Committee and president of Guiyang First People’s Hospital, was investigated.

Zhang Yunqiang (data map)

According to public information, in December 2011, Zhang Yunqiang stepped down as the dean of the Fourth People’s Hospital of Guiyang City and became the dean of the First People’s Hospital of Guiyang City. He was dismissed in March 2021 and was investigated this time.

On August 8 this year, the Supervision Committee of the Guizhou Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection held a video conference on the mobilization and deployment of the discipline inspection and supervision organs in the province to cooperate with the centralized rectification of corruption in the medical field, and arranged and deployed the centralized rectification work.

The meeting stressed that it is necessary to strengthen the combination of shock and correction, keep a close eye on "key minority" and key personnel, dig deep into and thoroughly investigate violations of discipline and law such as power rent-seeking, interest transfer, and abuse of power for personal gain, concentrate on investigating and handling a number of typical cases, punish a group of corrupt elements, and form a strong momentum and shock.

On July 28th this year, a video conference on mobilization and deployment of discipline inspection and supervision organs in cooperation with the centralized rectification of corruption in the medical field was held in Beijing. Yu Hongqiu, deputy secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and deputy director of the State Supervision Commission, attended the meeting and delivered a speech.

The meeting pointed out that the centralized rectification of corruption in the medical field is an inevitable requirement to promote the implementation of the healthy China strategy, purify the ecology of the pharmaceutical industry and safeguard the vital interests of the people. Discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels should thoroughly understand the spirit of the important instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, deeply understand the importance and urgency of carrying out centralized rectification work, base themselves on their responsibilities, do their due diligence and fully cooperate. It is necessary to stimulate the endogenous motivation to fulfill the main responsibility with the external thrust of supervision, and carry out in-depth systematic governance of the pharmaceutical industry in all fields, all chains and all coverage. Strengthen discipline enforcement, keep a close eye on leading cadres and key personnel, insist on bribery and bribery together, and concentrate on investigating and handling a number of corruption cases in the medical field, forming a momentum shock. Grasp the policies and strategies, persist in seeking truth from facts, follow the rules and regulations according to law, persist in punishing the past and saving lives, and educate, save and influence people to the maximum extent. Strengthen the case to promote reform, promote deepening reform and improve the system. Strengthen the implementation of the work, carefully organize the implementation, and hand over an answer sheet that will reassure the CPC Central Committee and satisfy the people.

CCTV News:This month, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other six departments jointly issued the "Action Plan for High-quality Development of Computing Infrastructure", which clearly stated that the comprehensive supply capacity of computing power will be steadily improved. What is the current development of China’s computing power industry? What are the key points in the next step? Come and see the reporter’s report.

Headquarters CCTV reporter Ning Kun:Now, such a holographic cartoon character beside me can have a simple question-and-answer conversation with you like a personal assistant, and these large models also need a lot of computing resources in training. Hello, what other fields can computing power be used in?

The image of virtual "number wise men" is orange;In addition to intelligent transportation, smart cities, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent mines, high-definition video, virtual reality, augmented reality and other fields, we can also apply computing power to more fields.

The intelligent computing center used in artificial intelligence training has also become the key direction for all parties to build computing infrastructure. Compared with traditional data centers, intelligent computing centers have higher requirements for computing chips, software and high-speed networks. In Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, a large-scale intelligent computing center was officially put into operation, and finally it can reach 120 billion floating-point operations per second.

Wang Chaoyang, General Manager of R&D Division of Alibaba Cloud Data Center:Take the short-term and medium-term weather forecast model we recently cooperated with our customers as an example. It takes several hours to calculate in the traditional way, but it can be compressed to less than 3 seconds by using intelligent calculation.

According to industry insiders, the demand for intelligent computing in frontier fields such as large-scale model training, remote sensing detection, life sciences and autonomous driving is growing rapidly.

According to the recently issued "Action Plan" goal, by 2025, the proportion of intelligent computing power in China will further increase from the current 20% to 35%, and the growth rate will be faster than the average growth rate. According to incomplete statistics, at present, there are more than 30 cities in China that are building or preparing to build intelligent computing centers.

Zhao Ce, Deputy Director of the Information and Communication Development Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology:Strengthen the monitoring of data center occupancy rate, optimize the layout of computing infrastructure in the country, especially highlight the deployment of intelligent computing power, and support the development of key industries and key fields such as artificial intelligence.

The integration of "East Counting and West Counting" and cost reduction calculation networks has become a trend

According to the latest data, the number of standard racks in use in China’s data centers exceeds 7.6 million, ranking second in the world in terms of total computing power. How to allocate and use the rapidly growing computing power resources more reasonably and efficiently? Continue to read the report.

In a company specializing in film and television production in Zhejiang, there are now more than 30 films that need to be rendered in the later stage every year. This rendering process needs a lot of computing resources, which used to be done by local servers, but because of the shortage of resources, it will also encounter problems such as long rendering cycle or high cost.

Zhang Shiyu, visual effects director of a cultural media company in Zhejiang:In the past, rendering was always done locally. (Now) Through the "computing brain", the computing power of the west (region) was called, which greatly shortened the rendering cycle and saved the overall cost by more than 10%.

The so-called "computing brain" refers to a scheduling system that can cover a large number of computing resources in the country to dynamically allocate computing power in different regions in real time to complete tasks.

Sun Shaoling, Deputy General Manager of China Mobile Cloud Capability Center:Integrating computing network resources all over the country into a supercomputer, so our network is actually more like the bus inside the computer, which requires very high network delay and bandwidth.

Experts said that in the process of future convergence and development of computing networks, it is necessary to fully consider the rational distribution of computing power supply and demand between the eastern and western regions, and at the same time continuously improve the data transmission capacity of the network. According to the recently issued "Action Plan" goal, in terms of carrying capacity, by 2025, the national hub node data center clusters will basically realize direct network transmission not higher than 1.5 times the theoretical delay, and the coverage rate of optical transmission networks in key application sites will reach 80%.

Wang Zhiqin, Vice President of China Information and Communication Research Institute:According to the setting of data center, supercomputing center and intelligent computing center, it may play a good role in the traction of some new types of optical communication products with higher speed (bandwidth), including 400G (Gigabit) and 800G (Gigabit).

　　[PConline evaluation]Recently, the graphics card industry is full of news about GTX780, which is fascinating, but it is not something that ordinary users can consider. Let’s look back at the actual products. A series of old graphics card tests, we have been reflected by many netizens, this time we should test GTS250 at the request of netizens.

　　The graphics card is called "GTS250", and familiar netizens know that this is the "mysterious" power of NVIDIA, which has changed from 9800GTX+. The specifications and parameters are just like 9800GTX+, and there is a significant change in memory. At that time, the core of NVIDIA G92 was old.

　　After years of baptism, the high-end old cards many years ago are no different from the performance of general mainstream graphics cards. This time, we use another test method to see the performance differences of GTS250, GTS450 and GTX650. These three graphics cards use three different architectures and three different technologies, which also represent three different eras.

Comparison of three products with "5":

　　Although it also had a "5", GTS250 was launched in the mid-to high-end market of 999 yuan at that time, pushing HD4850. Similarly, GTS450 is also used as the mid-end market of 899 yuan, and HD6770/6750 is suppressed within 1,000 yuan. By GTX650, the market it faces has become the mainstream level, and this "5" has been devalued more and more.

　　GTS250 uses the "G92" core which has entered dusk at that time (it has been used for three generations). Although the technology is a little old, its performance is still a bit worth seeing. When it comes to GTS450, using the mature Fermi architecture, the most brilliant period is not that it can suppress HD6750, but that the GTX650 introduced later is expensive, which makes GTS450 have a short spring. GTX650 is currently using NVIDIA’s most advanced Kepler architecture, with excellent energy consumption ratio, but the price is still slightly higher.

　　If you want to know the positioning of the graphics card at that time, then it is most direct to look at the memory width. Due to the high cost of GDDR5 at that time, GTS250 still used GDDR3 video memory, with 256bit width and 64 texture units, which could not hide its high positioning at that time. As for the current GTX650, except for more stream processors, other parameters are relatively simple.

Ming Xin Shi Jie feng GTX650Ti-1GBD5 brilliant edition　　picture　　evaluating　　forum　　quote　　Net purchase price　　

　　This time, we received three graphics cards from Mingxin, which were used to test the performance and power consumption differences of these three graphics cards: GTS250, GTS450 and GTX650. These three graphics cards use the three-generation architecture of Trass, Fermi and Kepler respectively, and the three processes of 65 nm, 40 nm and 28 nm are also models with the word "5" in the middle. What will happen? We’ll leave right away.

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Introduction of test platform and description of test method

　　In order to unify the performance of the platform, we use the high-end 3770K platform to ensure that it does not cause system bottleneck, which is more convenient for the performance of the graphics card. We use the latest driver 310.14 beta at present, and add a new game "Subway: The Last Dawn". Of course, the games all choose DX9 or DX10 running mode.

Theoretical test scores:

　　Because some graphics cards don’t support DX11, we tested 3DMark Vantage and the new 3DMark, and the results are for reference only.

　　Test summary:Judging from the test results, the progress of the three graphics cards is relatively balanced. The score displayed by 3DMark Vantage, GTS450 is twice as high as GTS250, regardless of its accuracy, at least the detected result mainly depends on the graphics card. As for the Cloud Gate scenario of the new 3DMark, it is more about the performance of the platform.

Test software settings

software set up
《3DMark　 Vantage》 Extreme mode
New 3DMark Cloud Gate scene

● Popular game masterpiece test

　　In order to make it easier for everyone to read, we have simplified the description of the game and compiled a variety of games into a big chart to make the comparison of the results more intuitive.

On the Significance of Game Frame Number (FPS)

　　The number of game frames is a standard to reflect whether the game runs smoothly, which can be classified in most cases.No playability:The number of frames is less than 30FPS；;Acceptable:30-50 frames;Smooth operation:50-60 frames;Perfect operation:The number of frames is greater than or equal to 60. That is to say, under normal circumstances, the number of frames is greater than 60, which is of little significance. At this time, you can increase the quality of the game to get more visual effects.

　　Now many new games use DX11 interface, and we adjust most of them to DX9 or DX10 mode. From the test of the game, GTS250 is not as bad as 3DMark Vantage shows. At least GTS450 is not twice ahead of GTS250, and the performance of the three in the game is more like the performance of the new 3DMark.

　　In addition, we also see that it is not impossible for GTS250 to play mainstream games in full HD resolution, but there is basically no enjoyment in image quality special effects.

　　To sum up the achievements of the three graphics cards, the performance improvement of each generation is about 20%. We can guess that GTX750 may be 120% of GTX650, and perhaps GTX750 is a GTX650Ti vest (see GTX770 vest GTX680).

Settings and measurement methods of tested games

game Game settings test method
Batman: The City of Forrest Gump Turn off DX11 detail option, 1920×1080, 4A antialiasing. Bring your own Benchmark for testing.
Glorious mission Select DX9 configuration to enter Benchmark, start high mapping mode, start post-processing, dynamic blur, 4MSAA. Benchmark tests.
Marx Payne 3

DX10, the game quality is all normal, 1920×1080.

Using Fraps records, in the second quarter of the second level, the protagonist jumps off the bar and fights.
Battlefield 3 Global picture quality middle, 1920×1080 Using Fraps, the "Hunting Action" level starts from boarding the plane.
Subway: The Last Dawn Select low, DX10 mode, AF4AA, 1920×1080 for global image quality. Self-contained benchmark test
Tomb Raider 9 1920×1080　Global image quality middle 　Bring your own Benchmark for testing.
Lost planet 2

1920×1080　Global picture quality middle, 4mxaa

Using Fraps, record the first scene of bechmark.

Platform power consumption test:

　　Before the test, it should be noted that since the independent power consumption of the graphics card cannot be tested, all the power consumption scores in this round of test are the power consumption of the whole machine, and the power consumption tester is used for testing during the test. During the test, we run Tomb Raider 9 benchmark to test the average power consumption of the platform.

　　Test summary:The technology is more and more sophisticated, the architecture is more and more advanced, and the power consumption is lower and lower. In the previous GTS250, the power consumption of the platform was 238W, while the GTS450 with stronger performance was 225 W. In Kepler’s generation, the power consumption was as low as 158W W.

　　Compared with GTS250, GTS450′ s energy consumption progress is mainly achieved through the improvement of technology, and GTX650′ s performance is like this. In addition to the improvement of technology, streamlining general-purpose computing is also one of the means.

Summary of PConline evaluation room:

●GTS250 ladder diagram position guide

　　PConline ladder diagram description:From the test, it can be seen that the performance difference between GeFoece GTS250 and GTS450 is about 20%, which is smaller than that of GTS450 and GT640. We define that GTS250 has better performance than GT640, as shown above in the ladder diagram.

● What is the value of ●GTS250?

　　Looking back at GTS250, the listing price at that time was $149, which was close to 1,000 yuan at that time. What now? Although there are no new graphics cards, let’s go to the second-hand forum to see the current market.

The picture is intercepted in this forum (the value is also the best in 200 yuan)

　　At present, GTS250 is probably worth 250 yuan. In four years, the value has shrunk to 1/4 of that at that time. Once again, we must feel the fall in price speed of IT products. With the performance of GTS250, you can still enjoy the game now. The price in 200 yuan is better than buying a GT630.

●GTS250 upgrade or purchase suggestion.

　　At that time, with the GTS250 graphics card, most platforms used Xiaolong quad-core, Kourou E8400, or Kourou quad-core platforms. Compared with the current CPU performance, it is not bad, probably reaching the level of X4 740, and the performance can also be exerted with the current mid-range graphics card.

　　　For those friends who are about to retire from GTS250, we suggest to consider GTX650Ti, whose performance is far superior to that of GTS250, and its power consumption is lower than that of GTS250, and its energy consumption ratio is good. As for the friends who want to change to a new platform, according to the consumption level, they should buy the I5 grade at present, and of course they will match the GTX660Ti.

　　The improvement of GPU technology and the update of architecture can improve the performance and power consumption of graphics cards, which will be reduced to 1/4 in four years. After four years, is HD7990 worth 2K? In the next issue, we will test the previous God cards, such as GTX295 and HD4870x2, and now the performance is equivalent to what price of graphics cards.

　　As soon as the sky was white in the east, Gu Yuzhong, a ranger in Chedaoling, anding district, Dingxi City, Gansu Province, got on a motorcycle and entered the forest farm.

　　"The bitterness in the middle of Gansu is the best in the world." Dingxi has fragile ecology, serious soil erosion and high evaporation. Locals often say that in Dingxi, it is easier to plant a living tree than to raise a child.

　　This is the 30th year of Gu Yuzhong’s forest protection. "I am responsible for fire prevention, theft prevention and pest prevention of 1,300 mu of forest. Although it is hard, it is very meaningful, and there is a good income." Gu Yuzhong said.

　　Chedaoling Forest Farm has 8 mountain ridges and more than 50 gullies and bays, and more than 13,000 mu of land is now covered with "green clothes", with a forest coverage rate of 92.75%. There are 208 mu of nursery land and 800,000 seedlings in the nursery of forest farm, mainly including spruce, Platycladus orientalis, Pinus tabulaeformis, Robinia pseudoacacia, five-pointed maple, Populus hopeiensis and Sophora japonica.

　　The persistence of green supports people here to plant trees without stopping. After more than 60 years of unremitting efforts, a green barrier has finally been built on the driveway ridge across Yu’ an county.

　　Walking into Nanshan, anding district, Dingxi City, green spread. And three years ago, it was still a barren hill.

　　In 2017, the poverty alleviation cooperation between the east and the west helped Fuzhou, Fujian Province in Dingxi, and started with ecological poverty alleviation, funded the construction of ecological forests. Three years later, the afforestation area has reached 11,100 mu, with an investment of 45.99 million yuan.

　　"Under the extremely dry climate conditions in Dingxi, the key to afforestation is to solve the problem of water shortage." Chen Zhengbin, a member of the Party Committee of anding district Forestry and Grassland Bureau in Dingxi City, said that with the help of Fuzhou, they chose drought-tolerant tree species, added water-retaining agents during afforestation, and built water conservancy facilities at the same time, which led to this green field under their feet.

　　By September, 2020, anding district’s forestry land area accounts for 38% of the total land area, with 1,177,500 mu of natural grassland and a forest coverage rate of 17.98%. Satellite images show that in the past 20 years, Dingxi’s green has been expanding from point to line and from line to surface.

　　The mountain is called "tableland" here, with steep surroundings and flat top. The crack between the two mountains is called a "ditch", and a new road is paved at the bottom of the ditch, drifting away. Standing on a high place overlooking, Haloxylon ammodendron is a forest with dense vegetation. The once endless dry plateau is now covered with "green clothes" … …

On September 7, 2013, the Supreme Leader of China president delivered a speech entitled "Promoting People’s Friendship and Creating a Better Future" at Nazarbayev University in Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan. In the speech, the Supreme Leader advocated that Eurasian countries should gradually form regional cooperation through policy communication, road connectivity, smooth trade, currency circulation and people’s hearts, and finally revive the ancient Silk Road. How countries along the Silk Road, especially those in Central Asia, view and actively participate in the construction of this concept will greatly affect the prospect of this concept.

Central Asian countries"Silk Road Economic Belt"Overall evaluation of

"Silk Road" is a trade channel between ancient China and Europe, and it is also a cultural channel. It was an important carrier of economic, cultural and scientific exchanges between the East and the West in ancient times, and played an important role in cultural exchanges between China and Central Asia, West Asia and Europe. The idea of "Silk Road Economic Belt" was put forward under the background of "closer economic ties, deeper mutual cooperation and broader development space among countries in Europe and Asia", aiming at promoting various exchange activities between East and West, so as to realize the common development and prosperity of countries in Europe and Asia. This is of great domestic and international significance to China. On the one hand, it will give new impetus to the strategy of developing the western region of China and help to narrow the development gap between the eastern and western regions of China; On the other hand, it provides new ideas for China to carry out its peripheral diplomacy more effectively, especially its diplomacy in Central Asia, and gives new connotation to the further development of its relations with Central Asian countries.

Central Asia is adjacent to the western part of China, which is the connecting zone between China and Europe. Its important geographical position has established the position of Central Asian countries as the core areas in the process of building the Silk Road Economic Belt. How the five Central Asian countries evaluate the "Silk Road Economic Belt" and whether they will participate in the construction of the economic belt will be an important factor that China needs to consider when formulating relevant policies. Without the active cognition and enthusiastic participation of Central Asian countries, the idea of "Silk Road Economic Belt" can only be empty talk.

On the whole, the idea of "Silk Road Economic Belt" has been positively evaluated by the mainstream media in Central Asian countries. On September 19th, 2013, the Central Asia Times published in Bishkek pointed out that "the Supreme Leader’s visit to four Central Asian countries has opened a new chapter for China to develop relations with these countries, and his plan of’ Silk Road Economic Belt’ has been welcomed by relevant countries". On the same day, the newspaper also reported the views of the media and professionals in four Central Asian countries (except Tajikistan), Russia and France on the "Silk Road Economic Belt", which were all positive. On November 8, 2013, Central Asia Times published an article entitled "New Silk Road Economy Brought Wealth Opportunities to China, Central Asia and Europe" again, specifically reporting on "Silk Road Economic Belt". Compared with the report in September, this article has a more in-depth analysis. It not only points out the competition among major cities in China to attract favorable national policies, but also analyzes the possible benefits, measures taken and uncertainties still existing in the "Silk Road Economic Belt" extending from the eastern coast of China to Europe via Central Asia, and ignores the criticism that China hopes to seize the resources of Central Asian countries. However, it should also be pointed out that the mainstream media in Central Asian countries have not paid much attention to the idea of "Silk Road Economic Belt". In addition to the Central Asia Times, the attention of Central Asian countries to the Silk Road Economic Belt mainly appears on the online media, and the print media rarely discuss this idea enthusiastically.This may be mainly because China has not put forward specific policy measures on how to build the Silk Road Economic Belt, so all countries are still in the wait-and-see stage.

Central Asian countries generally expectThe prosperity of the Silk Road

The Supreme Leader of president, China, pointed out in the elaboration of the idea of "Silk Road Economic Belt" that the economic belt will attract Eurasian countries and countries along the ancient Silk Road to participate. If this concept defines the participating countries as "Eurasian countries" and "countries along the ancient Silk Road", then whether Central Asian countries consider themselves as "Eurasian countries" and "countries along the ancient Silk Road" and whether they expect to reproduce the prosperity of the Silk Road will become an important criterion to measure whether countries are willing to actively and long-term participate in the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt. Generally speaking, all countries in Central Asia believe that they are along the ancient Silk Road, which not only emphasizes that the ancient Silk Road has brought prosperity and stability to their countries, but also looks forward to reviving this ancient trade route. However, in view of the different roles played by countries on the ancient Silk Road and the different interests of the five Central Asian countries, the specific attitudes of countries to the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt are also different.

Kazakhstan is at the crossroads of Europe and Asia and even the center of Eurasia, and plays an important role in reviving the ancient intercontinental trade channel. In 1997, Nazarbayev said that Kazakhstan "is at the crossroads of Europe and Asia? ? Today, with the help of the world community, we are committed to restoring the Silk Road through cooperation with other countries in the region. In 2005, when talking about Kazakhstan’s national development strategy in 2030, Nazarbayev said: "Kazakhstan will become an important link and transcontinental economic bridge between Europe, Asia-Pacific and South Asia." It can be seen that Nazarbayev has been looking forward to rebuilding the Silk Road and benefiting Kazakhstan from it.

Kyrgyzstan expects that the revival of the Silk Road will help it improve its relations with neighboring countries and realize the development of Kyrgyzstan’s national construction, so it also supports the revival of the Silk Road. Osh, a city in southern Kyrgyzstan, was once the silk industrial center on the ancient Silk Road, second only to Suzhou, China. Kyrgyzstan played an important role on the ancient Silk Road before, which made it yearn to reproduce the scene of smooth communication and unity between countries on the ancient Silk Road.

Uzbek President Karimov also emphasized Uzbekistan’s contribution to the ancient Silk Road, and believed that Uzbekistan in Timur era was the hub of the ancient Silk Road, and its capital Samarkand even constituted the capital center of interaction between East Asia and Europe. Moreover, Ukraine widely publicized its role in the ancient Silk Road as an international brand to highlight its rich cultural heritage and glorious history. In view of this, Ukraine hopes that the Silk Road will flourish in the contemporary era, and at the same time, it will realize the economic development and national prosperity of Ukraine and play an active role in political, economic and cultural exchanges between the East and the West.

Turkmenistan also looks forward to the revival of the Silk Road. As reported in Neutral Turkmenistan News, the visit of the Supreme Leader Chairman to Turkmenistan has consolidated the achievements of cooperation between the two sides and raised the relations between the two countries to a new height. Turkmenistan is proud of its friendly relations with China, and regards this relationship as a key factor to ensure the stability and development of the Eurasian region. The newspaper also said that Turkey will support the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt.

Tajikistan is also the area where the ancient Silk Road passed, and Kuzhan, the second largest city in its north, was once an important town on the Silk Road. The people of Tajikistan also have a sense of historical and cultural closeness to the Silk Road. Especially after the civil war, the Tajik people are more eager for social stability and economic development, and hope that the Silk Road will regain its vitality and provide more opportunities for the development of Tajikistan.

Constructing "Silk Road Economic Belt"Feasibility of

First of all, the rapid development of relations between China and Central Asian countries has laid a good foundation for building the Silk Road Economic Belt. Take the trade volume between China and the five countries as an example. In 2000, the trade volume between China and the five Central Asian countries was only $1.8 billion, while in 2012, the two sides reached $45.9 billion. In more than ten years, the trade volume between China and five Central Asian countries has increased by more than twenty times. In 2012, China has become the largest trading partner of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, and the second largest trading partner of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. This shows that the relationship between China and Central Asian countries has experienced rapid and steady development, and the deepening economic cooperation between the two sides has provided a solid foundation for all countries to actively participate in the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt.

Secondly, the close and smooth political relationship between the two sides is a strong support for Central Asian countries to participate in the construction of the "Silk Road Economic Belt". In May 2013, the heads of state of China and Tajikistan announced the promotion of China-Tajikistan relations to a strategic partnership. In September 2013, during President Supreme Leader’s visit to four Central Asian countries, China’s bilateral relations with other Central Asian countries were comprehensively upgraded: for example, China-Turkey and China-Kyrgyzstan relations were upgraded to strategic partnerships respectively; China-Kazakhstan relations have been further deepened into a comprehensive strategic partnership; China and Ukraine have further developed and deepened their strategic partnership and signed a treaty of friendship and cooperation. So far, China has established a comprehensive strategic partnership with five Central Asian countries. The close political ties between the two sides provide a basis for close and frank consultations on how to build the Silk Road Economic Belt.

Thirdly, deepening economic and trade cooperation provides a realistic basis for Central Asian countries to look forward to reviving the Silk Road. During the Supreme Leader’s visit to Kazakhstan, China and Kazakhstan signed a contract worth up to 30 billion US dollars. During their visit to Uzbekistan, the two sides signed 31 documents with a contract value of US$ 15 billion. During President Xi’s visit to Central Asian countries alone, the total investment and cooperation agreements signed by China and the four countries of Kazakhstan exceeded 48 billion US dollars.

Finally, the rich benefits that the construction of the "Silk Road Economic Belt" may bring are the main reasons for the general positive attitude of Central Asian countries. Central Asian countries have made great achievements in political, economic, social and other fields over the past 20 years, but they still face many difficulties. The planned road connectivity, smooth trade and currency circulation of the Silk Road Economic Belt can provide important benefits for Central Asian countries to promote national construction and strengthen foreign relations, and it is the most reliable guarantee to attract Central Asian countries to participate in the implementation of this concept. Generally speaking, the benefits that Central Asian countries can obtain include: countries are supported in improving the construction of infrastructure such as roads, oil and gas pipelines and power grids; Diversified energy export routes; Promote the enrichment of domestic commodity market and expand foreign trade volume; Access to the sea can be more effectively integrated into the global economy; Form the motivation to improve the domestic investment environment in order to increase foreign investment; Further close ties with the outside world, especially with China and European countries, and so on.

Constructing "Silk Road Economic Belt"Challenges faced

First of all, starting from their own reality, Central Asian countries may affect their participation in the Silk Road Economic Belt. This challenge began to appear when Kyrgyzstan withdrew from the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Ukraine railway. On the one hand, Kyrgyzstan announced that it would actively participate in the construction of the "Silk Road Economic Belt", on the other hand, it announced its withdrawal from the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Ukraine railway in December 2013. On December 16, 2013, Kyrgyz President atambayev even said: "In fact, the China-Kyrgyzstan-Ukraine Railway cannot solve any problems in our country." Although Kyrgyzstan announced its withdrawal from the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Ukraine railway, it does not mean that Kyrgyzstan will refuse to participate in the construction of the "Silk Road Economic Belt". The degree of participation depends on the extent to which this idea can meet the interests of all countries.

Secondly, the different development levels of the five Central Asian countries directly increase the difficulty of coordination in the process of building the Silk Road Economic Belt. After the independence of Central Asian countries for more than 20 years, the differences among countries in the development process have become more and more obvious, and this difference is also reflected in the differences in the interests of countries. For example, in the construction of transportation facilities, Kyrgyzstan hopes to build a railway connecting its south and north, Uzbekistan expects China to start the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway, and Tajikistan continues to seek China’s help to improve its infrastructure. Moreover, there are still some contradictions among Central Asian countries, such as disputes among the five countries on the allocation of water resources, incomplete demarcation of national boundaries, inconsistent foreign policy orientations (including relations with China), and so on. All these problems will further increase the difficulty of policy coordination between China and other countries in the process of building the Silk Road Economic Belt.

Thirdly, people in some Central Asian countries have doubts about the formation of a closer relationship with China. Based on China’s economic advantages, some elites and ordinary people in Central Asian countries believe that economic cooperation with China is more beneficial to China than Central Asian countries, and some people in Central Asian countries are worried that with China’s investment, a large number of China immigrants and cheap goods will flood in. They think that China enterprises are more willing to hire relevant talents from China, which will lead to the reduction of local employment opportunities. Based on this knowledge, they have doubts about whether the construction of the "Silk Road Economic Belt" is a means for China to expand its influence in the region. Although China has done a lot to promote people-to-people exchanges with Central Asian countries, the differences in interests, language, culture and development level still hinder Central Asian people’s in-depth understanding of China.

Finally, Russia’s attitude towards the idea of "Silk Road Economic Belt" cannot be ignored. As we all know, Russia’s rule in Central Asia has lasted for more than 100 years, which has led to many close ties between Central Asia and Russia, which determines that Russia has influence in this region that other big countries do not have. Not only that, Russia still regards the region as its traditional sphere of influence. In order to consolidate Russia’s influence in the region, Russia has put forward an initiative to integrate Central Asia in recent years, that is, the idea of "Eurasian Union". Although the original intention of China’s idea of "Silk Road Economic Belt" is not to weaken Russia’s influence and compete with "Eurasian Union", Russia’s attitude towards the idea of "Silk Road Economic Belt" is bound to affect the willingness of Central Asian countries to participate under the background that Russia regards Central Asia as its traditional sphere of influence.

Conclusion

All in all, Central Asian countries have expectations for the construction of the "Silk Road Economic Belt", hoping to further develop their relations with China and realize their own development. However, due to the differences in the interests of Central Asian countries, the doubts of countries about China’s strong economic strength and the traditional influence of Russia in this region, the construction of the "Silk Road Economic Belt" still faces many challenges. In this context, China needs to strengthen the following work to ensure the smooth implementation of the Silk Road Economic Belt initiative.

First, the interests of Central Asian countries should be fully considered. In addition to developing relations with other countries by increasing loans and investments, we should respect the sovereignty, local customs, laws and regulations of all countries, and gradually stimulate the long-term and sincere participation of Central Asian countries in the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt, so that elites and people of all countries can realize that this idea is an effective way to achieve mutual benefit, win-win and equal development of all parties involved. Second, strengthen communication with governments of other countries, and at the same time refine the specific content and measures of this idea, strengthen humanities cooperation and mutual understanding with other countries, conduct in-depth research on the psychology of the people in Central Asian countries, and take appropriate measures to improve the people’s cognition of China in Central Asia after understanding their attitudes towards China’s expanding influence. This is also a problem that China needs to pay special attention to and focus on when implementing the idea of "Silk Road Economic Belt". Third, strengthen communication and coordination with Russia, and eliminate Russia’s misunderstanding and concerns about China’s desire to expand its influence in Central Asia. In this process, China can first promote Russia’s participation in the idea of building the Silk Road Economic Belt, and then communicate with Russia in time when relevant measures are introduced and implemented, so as to prevent Central Asian countries from weakening their enthusiasm for participating in the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt because of their consideration of Russia.

(The author is an associate professor of Central Asia Institute and School of Management, Lanzhou University)

(Editor: Wei Dandan)

CCTV News:Today (January 13th) morning, National Cultural Heritage Administration held a report meeting on archaeological discoveries in Xizang, and reported four major archaeological discoveries in Xizang, including Qiege site, Mabulu site, Gebuseru site and Dangxiong cemetery. Among them, Qiege site is a rare site of early prehistoric human activities with clear stratigraphic accumulation in the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which fills the gap between the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and 8,000 years ago. The blank of prehistoric archaeological culture in 10000 years, and more importantly, a dense distribution area of stone products was found in the site, which is expected to gradually uncover the long history of North China people migrating into Tibet about 10 thousand years ago.

This is a fine stone core, less than two centimeters, with angular surface and "cut marks", which is the effect of pressing and "cutting" with a special tool. This is the small part that has been "cut". It is called a fine stone leaf by archaeologists. Its edge is as sharp as a blade, and its size is only a few millimeters to a few centimeters. It was used by people who cut heat on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau about 10,000 years ago. It is extremely difficult to "cut" a stone knife. Small fine stone cores and leaves condense the great wisdom of ancient humans on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the Paleolithic Age.

These stone tools, which surprised archaeologists repeatedly, were unearthed at the Qiege site in Ali, Xizang. According to reports, Paleolithic remains such as fine stone leaves and fine stone cores are often found on the surface of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, the remains collected on the surface can’t determine the primary strata and dating, and when human activities appeared on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been an important issue for half a century. In 2011, an archaeological team led by Zhang Xiaoling, an associate researcher at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, began to investigate in Xizang. In 2012, several potential sites were found on the banks of Shiquan River in Gaer County, Ali region. After further investigation and trial excavation, it was determined that Qiege site was of great research value. August & mdash; 2020; In September, the site was officially excavated, and more than 5,000 cultural relics were unearthed in an area of nearly 70 square meters. A long-lost human history on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the Paleolithic Age slowly emerged.

Archaeologists said that nearly 30,000 years ago, the remains of fine stone leaves first appeared in North China, and reached a prosperous period about 15,000 years ago. However, the fine stone leaves and other cultural relics found in Qiege site in Xizang are highly similar to the remains in North China, and the time is relatively late. In which region did ancient humans migrate to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau? The answer has also become clear.

According to reports, in the whole Paleolithic period, that is, 99% of human history, human beings often migrated and moved because of changes in food and resources. Previously, the archaeological team of Zhang Xiaoling, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, discovered the track of human activities 40,000 years ago at the site of Naqunia in Xizang. The discovery of Qiege site fills a historical gap in the process of human survival and adaptation and the formation of Tibetan population in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau after 40,000 years.

Gao Xing, a researcher at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences:The ancient people, whether their remains or their cultural remains, may not all be preserved, so writing the history of human beings with archaeological materials can only be intermittent. I am afraid this puzzle will never be put together completely, but its big outline will be established.

　　The real economy is the foundation of a country’s economy, the fundamental source of wealth creation and an important pillar of the country’s prosperity. Our party attaches great importance to the development of the real economy. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to persist in putting the focus of economic development on the real economy. On the new journey of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, facing the severe and complicated domestic and international situation and arduous and arduous tasks of reform, development and stability, we should deeply understand the importance of developing the real economy, aim at the direction of world scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, base ourselves on China’s national conditions, and focus on the real economy to provide important support for building China’s future development strategic advantages.

　　The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China drew a grand blueprint for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way with Chinese modernization. To turn this grand blueprint into reality, we must adhere to independence, self-reliance and self-improvement, and persist in putting the development of the country and the nation on the basis of our own strength. Sticking to the focus of economic development on the real economy and speeding up the construction of a modern industrial system can consolidate the material and technological foundation for building a new development pattern, enhance China’s viability, competitiveness, development and sustainability, provide a strong driving force for promoting high-quality development, and firmly grasp the fate of China’s development and progress in our own hands.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, China has firmly grasped the main line of deepening the supply-side structural reform, and the industrial system has become more sound, the industrial chain has become more complete, and the overall strength, quality and efficiency of the industry, innovation, competitiveness and risk resistance have been significantly improved, which has promoted the effective improvement of China’s economy in quality and reasonable growth in quantity, further laying a solid foundation for the real economy. At present, the system and mechanism of the Party leading economic and social development are constantly improving, and we have obvious institutional advantages and constantly improving governance efficiency. The fundamentals of China’s strong economic resilience, sufficient potential and long-term improvement have not changed, the income level and consumption level of residents have been continuously improved, and the potential of the world’s largest market is huge. We have firm confidence in further developing the real economy.

　　To follow the economic laws, conform to the general trend of development, persist in focusing on the real economy, and build a modern industrial system that is self-controllable, safe, reliable and competitive, it is necessary to maintain strategic strength and strategic patience, and move forward unswervingly towards the established strategic goals. At the same time, it is necessary to accurately recognize changes, respond scientifically, take the initiative to seek changes, turn crises into opportunities, and take the initiative in transformation and upgrading. First, we should persist in striving for stability, maintain a reasonable economic growth rate and leave room for transformation and development. Taking meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life as the starting point and the end result, we should organically combine the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand with deepening the structural reform on the supply side, release the new huge potential generated by the organic combination of the two, continue to promote the construction of ultra-large-scale markets, and provide strong and lasting impetus for the development of the real economy. The second is to further promote new industrialization, strengthen the reconstruction of industrial base and tackle key problems of major technical equipment. Promote the high-end, intelligent and green development of manufacturing industry, and enhance its position and competitiveness in the global industrial division of labor. Seize the new opportunities nurtured in the process of global industrial structure and layout adjustment, be brave in opening up new fields and winning new tracks, develop and expand strategic emerging industries, and create a new engine for high-quality development. Promote short-board industries to supplement the chain, advantageous industries to extend the chain, traditional industries to upgrade the chain, and emerging industries to build the chain, and effectively improve the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain supply chain. Optimize the layout of productive forces, promote the orderly transfer of key industries at home and abroad, support enterprises to deeply participate in the global industrial division and cooperation, and promote the deep integration of domestic and foreign industries.The third is to implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talents and innovation-driven development, focus on improving the ability of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology, strive to break through key core technical problems, achieve self-control in key areas and key links, master more "killer" technologies, and solve the "stuck neck" problem. Fourth, in accordance with the requirements of building a high-level socialist market economic system and promoting high-level opening up, we will further promote reforms in key areas, accelerate the construction of a unified domestic market, and optimize the business environment. We will continue to improve the global layout and make better contributions to the world while developing ourselves.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Zhu Jichai, Rong Qihan and Lai Xing

　　Looking at the magnificent five years since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it is undoubtedly a major event that runs through and has far-reaching influence.

　　The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has faced up to all kinds of problems and abuses existing in the Party, put the strict management of the Party in an all-round way into the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, promoted the management of the Party with unprecedented determination and courage, adopted a series of groundbreaking and breakthrough major measures, forged a powerful political party with a new climate, and provided a strong political guarantee for the historic changes in the cause of the Party and the state.

　　Understanding has reached a new height — — Incorporate the comprehensive and strict management of the party into the strategic layout, and continuously deepen the understanding of the laws governing the party and the party.

　　"It’s hard to strike while the iron is hot."

　　Through the five-year time tunnel, we can re-evaluate the words of the Supreme Leader General Secretary when he made his first collective appearance in the 18th The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), and we can feel that every word is fateful.

　　Fight hard "iron" and call for harder "iron-smiters".

　　Strictly administering the party in an all-round way, as the distinctive theme of the Party Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, comes not only from a clear understanding of the problems, but also from a brave responsibility.

　　Corruption is getting worse and worse, bad atmosphere is spreading, the party’s concept is indifferent, the organization is lax, the discipline is lax, and the "four tests" and "four dangers" are severe and complicated … … A big party that has been in power for a long time must cultivate the "indestructible body".

　　During the critical period of reform, the period of development and transformation, and building a well-off society in an all-round way, it entered a decisive battle … … A strong party is crucial to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　Critical moment, critical choice.

　　The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core comprehensively examines the new situation and changes of the world, the national conditions and the party’s situation, promotes the building of a clean and honest party style and the struggle against corruption to the height of life and death of the party and the country, and puts the comprehensive and strict management of the party in a crucial position in the overall situation of governing the country.

　　In December 2014, when investigating in Jiangsu, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that strictly administering the Party in an all-round way is an inevitable requirement for promoting the new great project of party building.

　　“‘ Comprehensive ’ These two words are very important, which is a great leap in understanding. We can only be strict when we are comprehensive, and we must be more comprehensive when we are strict. " Xin Ming, a professor at the Central Party School, said that to strictly manage the Party in an all-round way means to manage the Party as a systematic project. From content to object, from standard to foundation, from childhood to adulthood, from now to the future, all aspects cannot be absent.

　　Looking at the process of comprehensively and strictly administering the Party step by step in the past five years, we can see the powerful ideological power from "how to see" to "how to do".

　　Profoundly explain the connotation of comprehensively administering the party strictly — —

　　"The core of strictly administering the party in an all-round way is to strengthen the party’s leadership. The foundation is comprehensive, the key is strict, and the key is governance."

　　Clarify the responsibility system of strictly administering the party in an all-round way — —

　　"The party must manage the party. First of all, the party Committee must manage and the party secretary must manage." "The Party Committee bears the main responsibility and the Commission for Discipline Inspection bears the responsibility of supervision."

　　Clearly point out the focus of strictly administering the party in an all-round way — —

　　"Be strict in thinking, managing the Party, discipline, governance, style and anti-corruption".

　　Deeply expound the methodology of comprehensively and strictly administering the party — —

　　Adhere to the unity of high standards and keeping the bottom line, adhere to the unity of punishment and responsibility, adhere to the unity of finding problems and deepening reform, and adhere to the unity of selecting and employing people and strict management.

　　… …

　　Practice is developing and understanding is deepening.

　　Serious inner-party political life is the basis of comprehensively administering the party strictly, and strengthening inner-party supervision is an important starting point and an important guarantee for comprehensively administering the party strictly.

　　In October 2016, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a special study to strictly manage the Party in an all-round way, deliberated and adopted Several Guidelines on Inner-Party Political Life under the New Situation and Regulations on Inner-Party Supervision in the Communist Party of China (CPC), which started a new journey of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way.

　　After five years of in-depth advancement, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has profoundly answered major theoretical and practical questions such as who will grasp, what to grasp and how to grasp the party strictly under the new situation, and has continuously deepened the understanding of the laws governing the party.

　　Action shows new strength — — There is no forbidden zone, zero tolerance and full coverage, and we will comprehensively and strictly manage the party and make more efforts to advance in depth.

　　In the past five years, we have faced up to the outstanding problems that the people have reflected most strongly and pose the greatest threat to the party’s ruling foundation, made more efforts to strictly manage the party in an all-round way, and made a series of combination punches.

　　Taking the construction of work style as the comprehensive and strict management of the party — —

　　In December 2012, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee deliberated and adopted eight regulations on improving work style and keeping close contact with the masses. As soon as I came up, I set rules and made promises, which opened the "first action" of strictly administering the party in an all-round way. Subsequently, formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and the extravagant wind "four winds" became the key rectification targets.

　　Tough and disciplined. In the past five years, discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels have investigated and dealt with more than 180,000 cases of mental problems in violation of the eight central regulations, and on average, more than 140 people have been dealt with for work style problems every day.

　　Curb "corruption on the tip of the tongue", strictly investigate "corruption on wheels" and rectify "unhealthy practices in clubs" … … Stopped bad style, which was once thought to be difficult to stop, and conquered the stubborn and stubborn diseases that were once thought to be difficult to overcome.

　　五年激浊扬清，起于毫末之间、成于驰而不息，党风政风焕然一新。

　　以重拳反腐为全面从严治党破局——

　　“打虎”无禁区。周永康、薄熙来、郭伯雄、徐才厚、孙政才、令计划、苏荣等一批“大老虎”纷纷落马。截至今年6月底，全国共立案审查中管干部280多人；共查处十八届中央委员、候补委员40人，中央纪委委员8人。

　　“拍蝇”零容忍。截至今年6月底，共处分乡科级及以下党员干部134.3万人。

　　“天网”紧追逃。截至8月底，已先后从90多个国家和地区追回外逃人员3339人，追回赃款93.6亿元；“百名红通人员”已经到案近50人。

　　五年风雷激荡，反腐败斗争压倒性态势已经形成并巩固发展。

　　以党内监督作为全面从严治党的重要抓手——

　　巡视利剑经过五年磨砺，锋芒毕露，已成为党之利器、国之利器。12轮中央巡视，对277个地方、单位党组织进行了“政治体检”，实现了党的历史上首次一届任期内中央巡视全覆盖。

　　At the same time, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has achieved full coverage of the stationing supervision of 139 central-level party and state organs, and implemented comprehensive stationing, and the independence and effectiveness of inner-party supervision have been continuously enhanced. To start the reform of the national supervision system, a national supervision system covering all public officials exercising public power is ready to emerge. There is no blank, no dead ends, and a more dense supervision network in Zhang Yue has continuously strengthened the effective supervision and restriction of power.

　　From deepening the transfer of functions, methods and styles of the Commission for Discipline Inspection to implementing the dual leadership system of discipline inspection; From clarifying the responsibility system for building a clean and honest government, to exploring the "four forms" of practice supervision and discipline … …

　　Five years of exploration and practice, a series of institutional and institutional reforms and innovations in methods and methods have injected a strong impetus into the comprehensive and strict management of the party.

　　Results lead to a new atmosphere — — Treat both the symptoms and root causes, consolidate the foundation and cultivate the yuan,Strictly administering the party in an all-round way is always on the road.

　　"In the past year, there was basically no party organization activity. Occasionally, I spoke at a meeting and complained. I don’t even know the major policies of the central government. Now you have to ask me what is ‘ Four self-confidences ’ ‘ Four consciousnesses ’ I can answer questions. " Yuan Haiquan, an old party member from Zhuyuan Village, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, said that his awareness of party member has been greatly improved.

　　Since last year, Pingxiang has promoted the system of "one meeting every ten days" among rural grass-roots party organizations, and regularly organized party member to carry out organizational life and theoretical study three times a month. This is a microcosm of the "two studies and one doing" study and education.

　　From "healing tree" to "treating ecology", from managing behavior to emphasizing "mind learning"

　　In the past five years, a series of inner-party political and ideological education has been interlocking and deepened from "key minority" to all party member, from the practice of the party’s mass line education to the special education of "three strictness and three realities" to the study and education of "two studies and one doing", and the party spirit and ideals and beliefs of more than 89 million party member have been strengthened.

　　Ideological party building and institutional party management are closely combined, with one being soft and one being rigid, exerting force in the same direction and at the same time.

　　Introduce the rules for leading cadres’ spouse children to run enterprises through business, standardize the reporting system of personal matters, and put an end to the problem of "being an official at the front door and opening a shop at the back door"; Make clear provisions on the selection and appointment of cadres, promotion and demotion, and prevention of promotion in spite of illness, and reverse the chaos of "bad money expelling good money" in officialdom; Clear discipline before the law, revise and formulate basic laws and regulations such as honesty and self-discipline, disciplinary regulations and accountability regulations, and draw a "bottom line" and mark a "high line" for party member … …

　　In the past five years, the construction of laws and regulations within the party has been accelerated at an unprecedented pace. The central government has promulgated or revised nearly 80 inner-party laws and regulations, more than 40% of the existing inner-party laws and regulations, and it has become more and more disciplined and well-founded.

　　Five years of hurricane and rain, five years of quenching into steel.

　　In 2016, people’s satisfaction with building a clean and honest government and anti-corruption work climbed from 75% before the 18th CPC National Congress to 92.9%.

　　"The people have given high praise to the achievements made in the comprehensive and strict administration of the Party since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The achievements deserve full recognition and the experience deserves in-depth summary. However, we must not be complacent and blindly optimistic. There is still a long way to go to strictly manage the party in an all-round way. " General Secretary of the Supreme Leader earnestly warned in his "July 26th" speech.

　　The "strength" cannot be vented, and the "potential" cannot be turned. Strictly administering the party in an all-round way is always on the road.

　　Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we will continue to adhere to the problem orientation, maintain strategic strength, promote the in-depth development of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way, make the thinking and measures of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way more scientific, rigorous and effective, ensure that the Party always wants to be with the people, lead the ship carrying the great dreams of the people of China to sail ahead through the waves and sail triumphantly to the glorious other side.

　　[Cost of car maintenance] There is no doubt that the car owners who were concerned before now have a new choice:-. With higher-end positioning, larger body size and overlapping pricing with Qijun’s high-profile models. More luxurious positioning and sharp design style, these advantages make it occupy the position of "Qijun" quickly after listing.

　　From what we have learned, the attention of this new car offline is not low, and it is basically directed at the 2.5L model. In the words of the sales consultant, "Qijun’s budget with high allocation is more in line with consumer psychology." However, I also have a question. Since Loulan’s 2.5L is the same as Qijun’s, how much will it be worse in terms of maintenance costs? With this question, I walked into Dongfeng Nissan 4S shop and planned to find out.(hereinafter referred to as the brand-new Loulan)

● Model introduction

　　There are 9 models with two displacements in the new Loulan. Except for the 2.5T top, all the other models are, of which 6 are naturally aspirated engines, and 3 are hybrid models with 2.5T+ motors. In terms of gearbox, all models adopt continuously variable gearboxes that can simulate 7 gears.

　　We learned from dealers that at present, only the 2.5L model of the brand-new Loulan has arrived at the store, and the 2.5T model has not received the specific notice of arrival, so it may take a while. Considering the current concern of this model, we will only use the 2.5L model as the collection basis in this issue.

● The warranty policy/maintenance interval is the same as that of Qijun.

　　We learned from the dealer that,The brand-new Loulan is the same as Qijun in terms of warranty policy, both of which are guaranteed for 3 years or 100,000 kilometers.The validity period of the three guarantees is still 2 years or 50,000 kilometers, and the former can prevail when consumers exercise their rights and interests.

　　In terms of maintenance interval, the brand-new Loulan and Qijun are the same, with free inspection when driving to 1,000 kilometers, free first maintenance when driving to 5,000 kilometers, and then maintenance every 5,000 kilometers.

Click to enter Dongfeng Nissan official website Maintenance Price Inquiry Page.

　　In terms of maintenance interval, there is no difference between the brand-new Loulan and Qijun.It is also the first inspection at 1000 km, the first insurance for free at 5000 km, and then every 5000 km.It is worth mentioning that,Although both are CVT gearboxes, Loulan’s replacement cycle is longer. Compared with Qijun’s 60,000 km replacement, the new Loulan has reached the level of 100,000 km.

● Spare parts prices and working hours(Fixed expenditure part)

　　The cost of spare parts and materials of the new Loulan 2.5L model is not much different from that of Qijun’s 2.5L model, which is undoubtedly a good thing, except that the price of some parts and working hours are slightly different, this model does maintain a new price level.It should be noted that the working hours of the new Loulan adopt the "package system", which seems to be much more expensive than the previous Qijun 2.5L model.In other words, when you drive to the recommended maintenance, you only need to add up all the materials costs of the changed items, and then add the package working hours of the corresponding mileage.

● Trial calculation of maintenance cost(Fixed expenditure part)

　　Next, we will calculate the maintenance cost.In the process of investigation, we learned that the oil consumption of the brand-new Loulan is about 4.5L, but the cheapest mineral oil by default in the original factory is not 1L, which means that you have to buy two barrels of 8L oil. Every time you change the remaining oil, it will cause a lot of waste, and the oil sealing is very particular. It is actually difficult to maintain the quality of the remaining oil.

　　Therefore, I suggest that you can choose a higher level of semi-synthetic engine oil.Although the oil is tens of yuan more expensive, at least it won’t cause a lot of waste, and the quality of oil has also improved, which is relatively the most cost-effective choice.

●　Fuel consumption level(2.5L model)

　　For the new Loulan 2.5L model, the fuel consumption is 9.7L/100km；; In the word-of-mouth system of netizens in car home, we can see that the actual fuel consumption of the Loulan 2.5L model is about 9.2L/100km. In order to be closer to reality, we choose the fuel consumption of car home Word-of-Mouth System as the measurement standard, and calculate the total annual gasoline expenditure according to the average family car driving 15,000 kilometers a year and the current price of 95#(97#) oil in Beijing is 6.3 yuan/liter.

Calculation formula of annual fuel cost: vehicle fuel consumption × single liter fuel price × total mileage per year ÷100= total fuel cost.

Annual fuel cost of the brand-new Loulan 2.5L model: 9.2L/100km×6.3 yuan/L× 15000km ÷100=8694 yuan.

● Insurance cost(Floating expenditure part)

　　Because the insurance cost of each vehicle is different (high and low models, different types of insurance, different times of accidents and different purchase channels), we only use a reference price as a trial calculation.Take the brand-new Loulan 2.5XE two-wheel drive elite model as an example: the insurance price of compulsory insurance+commercial insurance (car damage, three, excluding deductible and passenger insurance) and vehicle and vessel use tax is about 5564 yuan.

　　If you want to get a more accurate insurance quotation, you can also check it in the auto insurance calculator of car home quotation system. "Look at the auto insurance quotation? Please click here.

● Other miscellaneous expenses(Floating expenditure part)

　　In addition to fuel, insurance and maintenance costs, there are a lot of miscellaneous small money, such as car washing, beauty, parking and so on. Here we quote the statistics of car home Data Research Center, that is, the average annual parking fee per car is 1,800 yuan, the monthly parking fee is 150 yuan, the annual car washing and beauty expenses are 440 yuan, and the monthly parking fee is 37 yuan. (The above data are for reference only)

●　Maintenance summary

　　"At first, I thought that the maintenance cost of the brand-new Loulan 2.5L model should not be much more expensive than Qijun. It seems that it was miscalculated." Although the maintenance interval is the same and there are many common accessories, due to the high working hours, the maintenance cost of Loulan is still several thousand yuan more expensive than Qijun, who is also a 2.5L model, and the difference is quite big.

　　Compared with its competing products, Loulan is in the middle level in terms of maintenance costs, cheaper than American rivals, and a little more expensive than Japanese representatives, which is generally reasonable. Don’t take Qijun’s price as a reference. Although the powertrain is the same, it is not a model after all. (Text/Figure car home Ren Bo)

Thanks to the following units for their cooperation and support in this topic:

Dongfeng south Dacheng
Tel: 400-872-9046
Address: No.9, Zone A, Huilongguan Oudebao Automobile Trading Market, Changping District, Beijing

Read more:

Talking about the brand-new Loulan: the configuration is satisfactory/the appearance is the selling point.
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