[PConline evaluation]Recently, the graphics card industry is full of news about GTX780, which is fascinating, but it is not something that ordinary users can consider. Let’s look back at the actual products. A series of old graphics card tests, we have been reflected by many netizens, this time we should test GTS250 at the request of netizens.

　　The graphics card is called "GTS250", and familiar netizens know that this is the "mysterious" power of NVIDIA, which has changed from 9800GTX+. The specifications and parameters are just like 9800GTX+, and there is a significant change in memory. At that time, the core of NVIDIA G92 was old.

　　After years of baptism, the high-end old cards many years ago are no different from the performance of general mainstream graphics cards. This time, we use another test method to see the performance differences of GTS250, GTS450 and GTX650. These three graphics cards use three different architectures and three different technologies, which also represent three different eras.

Comparison of three products with "5":

　　Although it also had a "5", GTS250 was launched in the mid-to high-end market of 999 yuan at that time, pushing HD4850. Similarly, GTS450 is also used as the mid-end market of 899 yuan, and HD6770/6750 is suppressed within 1,000 yuan. By GTX650, the market it faces has become the mainstream level, and this "5" has been devalued more and more.

　　GTS250 uses the "G92" core which has entered dusk at that time (it has been used for three generations). Although the technology is a little old, its performance is still a bit worth seeing. When it comes to GTS450, using the mature Fermi architecture, the most brilliant period is not that it can suppress HD6750, but that the GTX650 introduced later is expensive, which makes GTS450 have a short spring. GTX650 is currently using NVIDIA’s most advanced Kepler architecture, with excellent energy consumption ratio, but the price is still slightly higher.

　　If you want to know the positioning of the graphics card at that time, then it is most direct to look at the memory width. Due to the high cost of GDDR5 at that time, GTS250 still used GDDR3 video memory, with 256bit width and 64 texture units, which could not hide its high positioning at that time. As for the current GTX650, except for more stream processors, other parameters are relatively simple.

Ming Xin Shi Jie feng GTX650Ti-1GBD5 brilliant edition　　picture　　evaluating　　forum　　quote　　Net purchase price　　

　　This time, we received three graphics cards from Mingxin, which were used to test the performance and power consumption differences of these three graphics cards: GTS250, GTS450 and GTX650. These three graphics cards use the three-generation architecture of Trass, Fermi and Kepler respectively, and the three processes of 65 nm, 40 nm and 28 nm are also models with the word "5" in the middle. What will happen? We’ll leave right away.

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Introduction of test platform and description of test method

　　In order to unify the performance of the platform, we use the high-end 3770K platform to ensure that it does not cause system bottleneck, which is more convenient for the performance of the graphics card. We use the latest driver 310.14 beta at present, and add a new game "Subway: The Last Dawn". Of course, the games all choose DX9 or DX10 running mode.

Theoretical test scores:

　　Because some graphics cards don’t support DX11, we tested 3DMark Vantage and the new 3DMark, and the results are for reference only.

　　Test summary:Judging from the test results, the progress of the three graphics cards is relatively balanced. The score displayed by 3DMark Vantage, GTS450 is twice as high as GTS250, regardless of its accuracy, at least the detected result mainly depends on the graphics card. As for the Cloud Gate scenario of the new 3DMark, it is more about the performance of the platform.

Test software settings

software set up
《3DMark　 Vantage》 Extreme mode
New 3DMark Cloud Gate scene

● Popular game masterpiece test

　　In order to make it easier for everyone to read, we have simplified the description of the game and compiled a variety of games into a big chart to make the comparison of the results more intuitive.

On the Significance of Game Frame Number (FPS)

　　The number of game frames is a standard to reflect whether the game runs smoothly, which can be classified in most cases.No playability:The number of frames is less than 30FPS；;Acceptable:30-50 frames;Smooth operation:50-60 frames;Perfect operation:The number of frames is greater than or equal to 60. That is to say, under normal circumstances, the number of frames is greater than 60, which is of little significance. At this time, you can increase the quality of the game to get more visual effects.

　　Now many new games use DX11 interface, and we adjust most of them to DX9 or DX10 mode. From the test of the game, GTS250 is not as bad as 3DMark Vantage shows. At least GTS450 is not twice ahead of GTS250, and the performance of the three in the game is more like the performance of the new 3DMark.

　　In addition, we also see that it is not impossible for GTS250 to play mainstream games in full HD resolution, but there is basically no enjoyment in image quality special effects.

　　To sum up the achievements of the three graphics cards, the performance improvement of each generation is about 20%. We can guess that GTX750 may be 120% of GTX650, and perhaps GTX750 is a GTX650Ti vest (see GTX770 vest GTX680).

Settings and measurement methods of tested games

game Game settings test method
Batman: The City of Forrest Gump Turn off DX11 detail option, 1920×1080, 4A antialiasing. Bring your own Benchmark for testing.
Glorious mission Select DX9 configuration to enter Benchmark, start high mapping mode, start post-processing, dynamic blur, 4MSAA. Benchmark tests.
Marx Payne 3

DX10, the game quality is all normal, 1920×1080.

Using Fraps records, in the second quarter of the second level, the protagonist jumps off the bar and fights.
Battlefield 3 Global picture quality middle, 1920×1080 Using Fraps, the "Hunting Action" level starts from boarding the plane.
Subway: The Last Dawn Select low, DX10 mode, AF4AA, 1920×1080 for global image quality. Self-contained benchmark test
Tomb Raider 9 1920×1080　Global image quality middle 　Bring your own Benchmark for testing.
Lost planet 2

1920×1080　Global picture quality middle, 4mxaa

Using Fraps, record the first scene of bechmark.

Platform power consumption test:

　　Before the test, it should be noted that since the independent power consumption of the graphics card cannot be tested, all the power consumption scores in this round of test are the power consumption of the whole machine, and the power consumption tester is used for testing during the test. During the test, we run Tomb Raider 9 benchmark to test the average power consumption of the platform.

　　Test summary:The technology is more and more sophisticated, the architecture is more and more advanced, and the power consumption is lower and lower. In the previous GTS250, the power consumption of the platform was 238W, while the GTS450 with stronger performance was 225 W. In Kepler’s generation, the power consumption was as low as 158W W.

　　Compared with GTS250, GTS450′ s energy consumption progress is mainly achieved through the improvement of technology, and GTX650′ s performance is like this. In addition to the improvement of technology, streamlining general-purpose computing is also one of the means.

Summary of PConline evaluation room:

●GTS250 ladder diagram position guide

　　PConline ladder diagram description:From the test, it can be seen that the performance difference between GeFoece GTS250 and GTS450 is about 20%, which is smaller than that of GTS450 and GT640. We define that GTS250 has better performance than GT640, as shown above in the ladder diagram.

● What is the value of ●GTS250?

　　Looking back at GTS250, the listing price at that time was $149, which was close to 1,000 yuan at that time. What now? Although there are no new graphics cards, let’s go to the second-hand forum to see the current market.

The picture is intercepted in this forum (the value is also the best in 200 yuan)

　　At present, GTS250 is probably worth 250 yuan. In four years, the value has shrunk to 1/4 of that at that time. Once again, we must feel the fall in price speed of IT products. With the performance of GTS250, you can still enjoy the game now. The price in 200 yuan is better than buying a GT630.

●GTS250 upgrade or purchase suggestion.

　　At that time, with the GTS250 graphics card, most platforms used Xiaolong quad-core, Kourou E8400, or Kourou quad-core platforms. Compared with the current CPU performance, it is not bad, probably reaching the level of X4 740, and the performance can also be exerted with the current mid-range graphics card.

　　　For those friends who are about to retire from GTS250, we suggest to consider GTX650Ti, whose performance is far superior to that of GTS250, and its power consumption is lower than that of GTS250, and its energy consumption ratio is good. As for the friends who want to change to a new platform, according to the consumption level, they should buy the I5 grade at present, and of course they will match the GTX660Ti.

　　The improvement of GPU technology and the update of architecture can improve the performance and power consumption of graphics cards, which will be reduced to 1/4 in four years. After four years, is HD7990 worth 2K? In the next issue, we will test the previous God cards, such as GTX295 and HD4870x2, and now the performance is equivalent to what price of graphics cards.

China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world, with many kinds of disasters, wide geographical distribution, high frequency and heavy losses. Earthquake, fire, flood, landslide and debris flow, typhoon….. Natural disasters may occur at any time, so it is very important to master the skills of disaster prevention and self-help as soon as possible, and to save themselves and each other in time when encountering disasters.

May 12th, 2022 is the 14th National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day. Let’s get practical knowledge about disaster prevention and mitigation!

How to escape and save yourself in an earthquake?

At home, hide under sturdy furniture nearby, or hide in a corner or bathroom. Don’t use the elevator to escape.

In public places, stay away from glass windows and shelves, obey the instructions of the staff and don’t crowd.

Outdoor, avoid buildings, bridges or hillsides, and look for an empty and safe place. Trapped ruins should save energy and call for help by tapping.

How to save yourself in case of fire?

Call at the first timeCall the police and escape in an orderly manner according to the evacuation signs. Don’t take the elevator, lest the trapped elevator be in danger.

When passing through the thick smoke, cover your nose and mouth with wet clothes, and bend over or crawl against the wall.

If you can’t escape, you can call for help in safe areas such as balconies and roofs.

How to deal with floods?

If you want to move to high places such as hillsides, you can climb roofs, trees, etc. when it is too late to move, and you can’t climb telephone poles and iron towers.

If you fall into the water, don’t panic, grab anything floating around you, let your head surface, and wait for rescuers to arrive.

How to deal with landslides and mudslides?

When you hear the roar of the valley, you should be alert, don’t hide in low-lying land or under the hillside, don’t cross the debris flow and landslide area, and run to the heights on both sides perpendicular to the direction of debris flow.

What should I do if a typhoon strikes?

Reduce going out, reinforce structures that are easy to be blown, close doors and windows, and stick them with adhesive tape.The "meter" figure.

Don’t stay near buildings, billboards and telephone poles, and beware of falling objects.

Pay attention to the safety of food and water after the typhoon.

(jointly produced by Guangming. com and the Press and Publicity Department of the Emergency Management Department)

CCTV News:Today (January 13th) morning, National Cultural Heritage Administration held a report meeting on archaeological discoveries in Xizang, and reported four major archaeological discoveries in Xizang, including Qiege site, Mabulu site, Gebuseru site and Dangxiong cemetery. Among them, Qiege site is a rare site of early prehistoric human activities with clear stratigraphic accumulation in the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which fills the gap between the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and 8,000 years ago. The blank of prehistoric archaeological culture in 10000 years, and more importantly, a dense distribution area of stone products was found in the site, which is expected to gradually uncover the long history of North China people migrating into Tibet about 10 thousand years ago.

This is a fine stone core, less than two centimeters, with angular surface and "cut marks", which is the effect of pressing and "cutting" with a special tool. This is the small part that has been "cut". It is called a fine stone leaf by archaeologists. Its edge is as sharp as a blade, and its size is only a few millimeters to a few centimeters. It was used by people who cut heat on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau about 10,000 years ago. It is extremely difficult to "cut" a stone knife. Small fine stone cores and leaves condense the great wisdom of ancient humans on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the Paleolithic Age.

These stone tools, which surprised archaeologists repeatedly, were unearthed at the Qiege site in Ali, Xizang. According to reports, Paleolithic remains such as fine stone leaves and fine stone cores are often found on the surface of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, the remains collected on the surface can’t determine the primary strata and dating, and when human activities appeared on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been an important issue for half a century. In 2011, an archaeological team led by Zhang Xiaoling, an associate researcher at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, began to investigate in Xizang. In 2012, several potential sites were found on the banks of Shiquan River in Gaer County, Ali region. After further investigation and trial excavation, it was determined that Qiege site was of great research value. August & mdash; 2020; In September, the site was officially excavated, and more than 5,000 cultural relics were unearthed in an area of nearly 70 square meters. A long-lost human history on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the Paleolithic Age slowly emerged.

Archaeologists said that nearly 30,000 years ago, the remains of fine stone leaves first appeared in North China, and reached a prosperous period about 15,000 years ago. However, the fine stone leaves and other cultural relics found in Qiege site in Xizang are highly similar to the remains in North China, and the time is relatively late. In which region did ancient humans migrate to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau? The answer has also become clear.

According to reports, in the whole Paleolithic period, that is, 99% of human history, human beings often migrated and moved because of changes in food and resources. Previously, the archaeological team of Zhang Xiaoling, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, discovered the track of human activities 40,000 years ago at the site of Naqunia in Xizang. The discovery of Qiege site fills a historical gap in the process of human survival and adaptation and the formation of Tibetan population in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau after 40,000 years.

Gao Xing, a researcher at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences:The ancient people, whether their remains or their cultural remains, may not all be preserved, so writing the history of human beings with archaeological materials can only be intermittent. I am afraid this puzzle will never be put together completely, but its big outline will be established.

　　College entrance examination is a big test in the life of college students, which is related to the vital interests of candidates and has attracted much attention from the society. With the approach of the college entrance examination in 2022, the majority of candidates have entered the final sprint stage, and some lawless elements have also used the college entrance examination to spread false information, create anxiety, cheat and even induce candidates to cheat in the exam. To this end, the Ministry of Education, in conjunction with the Central Network Information Office, the Ministry of Public Security and other departments, combined with some typical cases in recent years, solemnly reminded the majority of candidates and parents to be vigilant and beware of being deceived.

　　1. Organizing cheating in the college entrance examination is a serious violation of the law.

　　During the college entrance examination, criminals often post "exam-helping" information online, claiming that they can provide exam questions and answers for candidates. As everyone knows, it is a serious crime to organize candidates to cheat in national education examinations such as the college entrance examination, provide candidates with test questions and answers, and sell and use wireless cheating equipment.

　　[Case] During the college entrance examination in 2019, He Mohao, a college student, posted an advertisement for "Assisting Exam" on the Internet, and 12 candidates from Guangdong, Shandong and Guizhou paid the "registration fee" to him. He Mohao contacted college students Nie Mouwu and Peng Molin (He Mohao’s classmate) on the Internet, and the three worked together. He Mohao was responsible for contacting and passing the test questions and solving the answers, Nie Mouwu was responsible for solving the problems, and Peng Molin was responsible for sorting out the test questions, cheating for 12 candidates during the college entrance examination. On June 8, the police acted immediately after receiving the clue and arrested He Mohao, Nie Mouwu and Peng Molin on the spot. Three people were sentenced to two to three years and six months in prison for cheating in organizing exams.

　　【 Regulations 】 The Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) clearly stipulates that it is illegal to organize cheating, sell or use wireless cheating equipment, provide test questions and answers to candidates, or let others take the exam instead of themselves in the national examination prescribed by law. The Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases such as Cheating in Organizing Examinations makes it clear that those who cheat in national education examinations such as college entrance examinations and postgraduate examinations will be directly identified as "serious" acts, and will be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years and fined.

　　[Reminder] In recent years, local public security organs, together with the education departments, have continued to maintain a high-pressure crackdown on all kinds of illegal and criminal activities involving exams, with "zero tolerance". The majority of candidates must enhance their legal awareness, refuse to cheat in exams, and don’t try the law.

　　Second, taking the test is not a shortcut, but a "desperate situation"

　　In order to get their children into an ideal university, some parents try their best to find a "way" for their children and even find a "gunman" to take the exam for their children. As a result, people and money are empty, and the consequences are very serious.

　　[Case] In order to let his nephew Xiao Chen, who has poor academic performance, be admitted to the undergraduate course, Li and Xiao Chen’s mother discussed and decided to spend money to find someone to take the exam for Xiao Chen, and promised to give 50,000 yuan for being admitted to "one book". In the end, Liu, a graduate student in a school, promised to take the test for Xiao Chen. Results On the day of the college entrance examination in 2019, Liu was discovered by invigilators on the spot. The police immediately filed an investigation, and the people involved arrived in the case one after another. Li organized candidates to cheat, which constituted the crime of cheating in organizing exams. He was sentenced to three years in prison and fined 30,000 yuan. "Gunner" Liu took the test instead of others, which constituted the crime of taking the test instead; Parents of students who let others take the exam instead of their children also constitute the crime of taking the exam instead. They were sentenced to five months’ criminal detention and fined 4,000 yuan to 10,000 yuan respectively.

　　【 Regulations 】 The Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) clearly stipulates that it is illegal to "organize cheating" or "substitute others or let others take the exam instead of themselves" in the national examination prescribed by law. Moreover, the crime of substituting for examination is a typical opposite crime. The criminal law punishes both the examinee and the gunman, and the conviction and legal punishment are the same.

　　[Reminder] Parents who help their children cheat are not loving their children, but harming them. In the end, they will have to bear legal responsibility. Liu, a graduate student, acts as ‘ for tens of thousands of yuan of substitute exam fees; Gunner ’ , ruined his bright future. The majority of candidates and parents should fully understand the harm and legal consequences of taking the test, and take the test in good faith, otherwise they will suffer the consequences.

　　Third, I am lucky to bring my mobile phone, and cheating in the exam will ruin my future.

　　Nowadays, the use of smart phones is very common, and some candidates often use smart phones to search questions, translate and other functions to assist learning and improve efficiency. However, if you cheat with your mobile phone in the exam, you have miscalculated your abacus, and you are smarter than you are.

　　[Case] During the college entrance examination in 2021, a candidate illegally carried a mobile phone to avoid the entrance security check and brought the mobile phone into the examination room. During the examination, the student used his mobile phone to sneak shots of the test questions and sent them to the off-site for answers, which was seized on the spot. According to the Measures for Handling Violations in National Education Examinations, the student was punished with disqualification, and all his grades were invalid, and he was stopped from taking national education examinations.

　　[Regulations] The college entrance examination is a national education examination prescribed by law. The Measures for Handling Violation of National Education Examination clearly stipulates that anyone who uses communication equipment during the examination shall be deemed as cheating in the examination, and his scores in all subjects registered for the examination at that time shall be invalid. The Education Law of the People’s Republic of China clearly stipulates that candidates who carry or use cheating equipment and materials in national education examinations, if the circumstances are serious, shall be ordered by the education administrative department to stop taking the relevant national education examinations for more than one year and less than three years; If it constitutes a violation of public security administration, it shall be punished by the public security organ according to law; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

　　[Reminder] In order to prevent and crack down on cheating on mobile phones in national education examinations and further strengthen the comprehensive management of the examination environment, in 2022, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly deployed local education, public security, communications, radio management and other departments to take a number of measures to carry out the special treatment of "cracking down on cheating on mobile phones". The majority of candidates must know the law and abide by the law, take the exam in good faith, and don’t take chances, so as not to ruin their future.

　　Fourth, look for the official logo and don’t believe "gossip"

　　Every year before the exam, there will be a lot of information about the exam on the internet, and all kinds of information are mixed. In order to attract attention, some individuals or training institutions take the opportunity to register "shanzhai" public accounts and spread "gossip" from unofficial sources to seek benefits.

　　[Case] The college entrance examination in 2020 was postponed for one month due to the epidemic. From time to time, there are so-called college entrance examination arrangement information from the media on the Internet. For example, there are false news about "the arrangement of the examination room in a city in 2020" from the media, which misleads the public and causes anxiety among candidates and parents. According to the city’s education bureau, the news is false information.

　　【 Regulations 】 According to the Regulations on the Administration of Internet User Account Names and the Regulations on the Administration of Internet User Public Account Information Services of the Central Network Information Office, the Internet user account names registered and used by any institution or individual shall not spread rumors, disrupt social order and undermine social stability; Public account producers and operators shall not maliciously counterfeit, counterfeit or embezzle the public accounts of organizations and others to produce and publish information, and shall not fabricate false information, distort the truth and mislead the public. Those who violate laws and regulations will be severely dealt with according to the law.

　　[Reminder] In 2022, the Ministry of Education, together with the Internet, the public security department and a number of Internet companies, will continue to carry out the special action of "lighting the official website logo of the authoritative examination enrollment institution" and "cleaning up the public accounts involved in the Internet examination", so that the majority of candidates and parents can timely, comprehensively and accurately understand the college entrance examination information of authoritative institutions and avoid being deceived. When the majority of candidates and parents search for information about the college entrance examination online, please look for the "official" logo of the authority (such as,) and beware of fake accounts or website scams.

　　Five, don’t believe false propaganda, beware of being deceived.

　　Exam "guaranteed", double promotion, XX days crash, or exclusive "internal resources", "proposition experts" to teach, to ensure "one-time pass" and so on … … Such slogans and enrollment advertisements often appear in the enrollment propaganda of various examination and training institutions, which makes many parents believe it. In fact, there are violations of laws and regulations such as exaggerating propaganda, fictional teachers, price fraud and false advertisements to varying degrees.

　　【 Regulations 】 The Advertising Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) clearly stipulates that advertisements for education and training shall not contain the following contents: (1) Make an express or implied guarantee commitment to entering a higher school, passing an examination, obtaining a degree or a certificate of qualification, or to the effect of education and training; (two) express or implied that the relevant examination institutions or their staff and examination proposition personnel participate in education and training; (3) Using the names or images of scientific research institutions, academic institutions, educational institutions, trade associations, professionals and beneficiaries for recommendation and certification.

　　[Reminder] Candidates and parents should not believe in false advertising, which will not only cause property losses, but also delay valuable review time.

　　Sixth, online fraud should be identified, and the answer to the college entrance examination cannot be purchased.

　　Every year, criminals peddle so-called "college entrance examination questions" and "top secret answers" on online platforms or communication groups, flaunt seductive information such as "extremely high accuracy" and "default refund", and ask users to pay in advance in the name of "advance deposit". Others send viruses to users’ computers or mobile phones in the name of transmitting "sample test papers" to obtain user information.

　　[Case] In March, 2021, Huang entered several chat groups through QQ, falsely claiming that he had channels to buy answers to the college entrance examination, and sold the so-called "answers to the college entrance examination papers" to parents and candidates at a price of 15,000 yuan per subject, defrauding more than 10 people in five provinces, including Anhui, Shandong and Hunan, and defrauding more than 100,000 yuan. At present, Huang has been criminally detained by the police according to law, and the case is under further investigation.

　　【 Regulations 】 The Criminal Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) clearly stipulates that it is illegal to "illegally sell or provide questions and answers to others for the purpose of cheating in the national examinations prescribed by law".

　　[Reminder] The college entrance examination questions belong to the national top secret materials, and their storage and transportation have extremely strict management measures. The majority of candidates and parents must polish their eyes, distinguish between true and false, and beware of fraud!

　　BEIJING, Zoucheng, Feb. 20 (Zeng Jie, Wang Chongyin) Since the ninth day of the first lunar month, the lost skill "Tie Tie Hua" has reappeared in Gelushan, Zoucheng, Shandong Province, the hometown of Taoist culture. With the gradual decline of the iron smelting industry in the last century, the blacksmith’s artistic performance "Beating the Iron Flower" once disappeared from people’s field of vision.

　　In an interview with Gelushan in Zoucheng on the night of the 21st (the 12th day of the first month), the reporter saw that 71-year-old Kong Lingfa and 46-year-old Kong Lingshuang went into battle shirtless and danced "flower sticks" with thousands of degrees of molten iron in various postures in the sound of gongs and drums. Iron juice splashed on a nearby prop-a big willow with many branches, and then turned into a giant flower with the help of wicker posture. The onlookers held their breath first, then cheered and screamed, calling it the most "thrilling" performance in the first month.

　　"How can the first month of Gelushan not be spent while the iron is hot?" While the iron is hot, Hua returned to Gelushan, which made Kong Lingfa in seventy years of age feel very excited. He told reporters that his family was engaged in iron smelting in the late Qing Dynasty, and playing iron flower was a "talent" performance that his family was proud of. As the fourth generation of his family, he witnessed the prosperity and decline of playing iron flower.

　　Kong Lingfa introduced that the cultural origin of Gelushan and Taoism was recorded in the Old Records of Zouxian County. In ancient times, five craftsmen of gold, silver, copper, iron and tin called each other brothers and respected the old gentleman on the Grand Master as the ancestor. During the Spring Festival, they sacrificed while the iron was hot. Since the Ming Dynasty, many famous iron smelting craftsmen have emerged here, and the performance of Gelushan while the iron was hot continued from the Ming Dynasty to the 1980s.

　　By the time the young Kong Lingfa "played with a flower stick", folk customs such as dragon dancing, playing bronze wares and knocking on gongs and drums had been absorbed, and striking iron flowers became the most imposing and joyful program in the first month of Gelushan.

　　It is reported that Tie Hua was listed in the national intangible cultural heritage list as early as 2008. There was no inheritor of this skill in Gelushan at that time. Kong Lingfa, who gave up the iron smelting business, has already become an out-and-out farmer.

　　Gao Dewen, director of Zoucheng Cultural Center, told reporters that Kong Lingfa and Kong Lingshuang, who are stunted, were discovered by Zoucheng Intangible Heritage Protection Center in 2015 and selected as inheritors. The Spring Festival of the Year of the Monkey is the first time that they started their "acting career" as non-genetic inheritors.

　　Kong Lingfa is from Beige Village, Dashu Town, Zoucheng, and Kong Lingshuang is from Henghe Village, Daping Town. These days, the two are leading more than a dozen young people to step up rehearsals for the official performance of the Lantern Festival. According to Gao Dewen, it can be seen from the recent audition that while the iron is hot, flowers are loved by the audience.

　　"Playing while the iron is hot once brought people infinite joy and excitement." Gao Dewen, who has been engaged in the rescue of intangible cultural heritage for a long time, said that playing while the iron is hot has strong entertainment and appreciation. Although the iron smelting industry in Gelushan area has declined now, playing while the iron is hot should return to the public’s field of vision and become an artistic performance in festivals.

　　Gao Dewen said that the metallurgical culture in Taoist alchemy pharmacy and the prosperous history of iron smelting industry in this area have been written into the newly compiled Zoucheng Literature and History Materials, and the flower while the iron is hot has also gone down in history as a cultural symbol here. (End)

The number of finless porpoises living in Nanjing section of the Yangtze River is increasing, and the biodiversity of their homes is becoming increasingly rich. Yesterday, the Municipal Bureau of Greening and Landscape Architecture released the dynamic investigation of biodiversity in the Yangtze finless porpoise provincial nature reserve (hereinafter referred to as the "reserve") from 2023 to 2024. The reporter learned from the press conference that the number of finless porpoises and birds in the reserve has increased; Precious and endangered species and wetland plants are rich in distribution; The water environment has reached Class II value of fishery water quality and surface water environmental quality standard. The overall ecological environment quality is stable and improving.

New changes: the number of finless porpoises in the reserve has increased from 62 to 65.

The Yangtze finless porpoise is the only existing cetacean in the Yangtze River, which is a national first-class protected wild animal and an important indicator species to test the health of the Yangtze River ecosystem.

Nanjing is the only big city in the whole Yangtze River basin where you can see the wild finless porpoise at close range in the central section of the city. In 2014, Nanjing finless porpoise reserve was formally established, starting from Xinshengzhou in Jiangning District in the west, adjacent to Maanshan City in Anhui Province, and east to Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, with a planned total area of 80.38 square kilometers, including 51.52 square kilometers in the core area and 28.86 square kilometers in the experimental area.

The dynamic investigation of biodiversity in the nature reserve lasted from the autumn of 2023 to the summer of 2024. According to the investigation and analysis of four quarters, the number of finless porpoises in the finless porpoise nature reserve showed an increasing trend.

Zhang Ruizhong, a first-class researcher of the Municipal Bureau of Greening and Landscape Architecture, said that the number of Yangtze finless porpoises in the reserve is about 65, an increase of 4.84% compared with the 62 in the background resources survey in 2022. The finless porpoise is generally distributed continuously, and its Jizhou-Zimuzhou waters and Qianzhou waters are hot spots. There are also seasonal differences in distribution, especially in the waters of the Yangtze River Bridge from Xinshengzhou to Dashengguan, which are mainly affected by geographical location, hydrological conditions and fish resources. During the investigation period, the mother and child dolphins were also observed for 9 times, which means that the Yangtze finless porpoise population in the reserve has good development potential.

New discovery: rich biological resources, rare bird black stork first appeared.

A finless porpoise needs to be strong in order to breed, and it needs to have enough food in order to be strong. An important reason for the decrease in the number of finless porpoises in the Yangtze River is that the food sources of finless porpoises are reduced due to uncontrolled fishing. With the ten-year ban on fishing in Nanjing, the Yangtze River has not only been able to recuperate, but also provided valuable survival opportunities for rare animals such as finless porpoises.

According to Zhang Ruizhong, this survey found that the protected area is rich in aquatic biological resources and there are many precious and endangered species. A total of 105 species of phytoplankton, 59 species of zooplankton, 56 species of benthos and 47 species of fish were collected and identified. In addition to the Yangtze finless porpoise, which is a national first-class protected wild animal, there are also two national second-class protected aquatic wild animals: Myxocyprinus asiaticus, an endangered species in China’s Red Book, and the aquatic wild animals in Jiangsu Province, such as Anoplophora longirostrata, Anguilla japonica, Diplodocus and tong yu.

There are also many kinds of birds in and around the reserve. A total of 123 species of birds were recorded in the survey, including 4 species of national first-class protected wild animals: except yellow-breasted pomfret, oriental white stork and black-faced spoonbill, black stork appeared in the reserve for the first time; In addition, there are 20 species of national second-class key protected wild animals: Pheasant, White-breasted Jade, Aurora, Lark, Black Kite, Peregrine Falcon, Red-footed Falcon, Swallow, White-tailed Cocktail, Sparrow Eagle, Hongyan, Little Swan, Little White-fronted Goose, Yuanyang, White-fronted Goose and baikal teal.

New achievements: the ecological environment quality of the reserve is steadily improving.

According to Zhang Ruizhong, this dynamic survey found that there are abundant wetland plants in and around the reserve. A total of 367 species of wetland plants were collected and identified, including 5 species of gymnosperms, 5 species of pteridophytes, 267 species of angiosperms and 90 species of angiosperms. It is divided into 4 vegetation types, 9 vegetation types and 49 formations. At the same time, two national first-class protected wild plants, Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Ginkgo biloba, and two national second-class protected wild plants, namely, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Ginkgo biloba and Cinnamomum camphora, were also discovered, among which Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Cinnamomum camphora were all cultivated artificially.

The survey shows that the water environment quality in the reserve is good. The five main physical and chemical indexes of water body, such as pH value, dissolved oxygen and total phosphorus, have reached Class II value of fishery water quality standard and surface water environmental quality standard. The average comprehensive nutritional status index of the sampled water bodies is 47.03, and the comprehensive nutritional status index of 63% of the water samples is in the range of 30-50.

The dynamic investigation was organized and implemented by the Nanjing Yangtze finless porpoise provincial nature reserve management station, and undertaken by the Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences and Nanjing Normal University.

Liu Kai, a researcher at the Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, who is in charge of the dynamic survey, believes that the overall survey results show that the ecological environment quality of the nature reserve is steadily improving, the number of Yangtze finless porpoises is increasing, and the biodiversity is generally stable.

The reporter learned that since its establishment, the nature reserve has intensively launched a number of innovative measures for the protection of finless porpoises, such as the national initiative and the introduction of the "List of Responsibilities for the Protection of Yangtze Finless Porpoises in Nanjing" to establish a long-term coordination mechanism for the protection of finless porpoises; The decision on strengthening the protection of the Yangtze finless porpoise was promulgated and implemented in conjunction with the inter-provincial collaborative legislation of Zhenjiang and Maanshan provinces, which became the first basin-based regional collaborative protection legislation for a single species in China; Gradually build a normalized protection system for patrol and rescue, as well as the first application of the "water-underwater-shoreline" monitoring system in China. At present, combined with the study of finless porpoise’s activity habits and habitat environment, the protected area is still improving the level of intelligent, accurate and scientific protection.

1905 movie network news Recently, Bo Huang’s first self-directed and self-directed film, The Island, released a preview and poster of the "Plot" version, showing the outline of this large-scale color feature film. The magnificent scenes are full of blockbuster temperament, the humorous dialogue is still unsatisfactory, and the theme with great connotation is also intriguing. In the preview, Bo Huang, who won an unexpected lottery of 60 million yuan, not only embraced Wang Baoqiang closely and staged a "flirting" with her eyes, but also "kissed" LAY, who was cursed by Shu Qi as "loser" in life. It is reported that the film The Island tells the story of a group of people who are accidentally shipwrecked and forced to live on a desert island, and face a series of "human nature" problems. The film was scheduled for August 10th, directed and performed by Bo Huang, starring Wang Baoqiang, Shu Qi, LAY, Yu Hewei, Wang Xun, Li Qinqin and Li Youlin, and the super-strong lineup hit in the summer.

Bo Huang lottery 60 million affectionate "tease" Wang Baoqiang relationship unknown plot reversal constant suspense overweight.

The previous "Director Bo Huang’s Film Experience" and the first release of the "Welcome" version of the trailer shocked the outside world, but many fans still said that such a glimpse made people curious about Bo Huang’s first self-directed and self-directed film, and also expressed great expectations. The "plot" version of the trailer released this time finally solved some doubts. This version of the trailer makes it more clear what happened to everyone on the island. Ma Jin, played by Bo Huang, was ecstatic at the beginning, saying that he won an unexpected lottery of 60 million yuan. He not only embraced Wang Baoqiang affectionately and staged a "flirting" with his eyes, but also got carried away and "kissed" LAY beside him, which made their relationship more exciting. The arrogance of Shu Qi’s showing off wealth in the camera revealed that the story on the island was closely related to money interests. In addition, Wang Baoqiang has subverted the image of honesty and honesty in the past, and the images of roaring people indicate that he occupies the position of "soul figure" in the island. In the film, Yu Hewei and Wang Xun appear as "followers" of Ma Jin, bent on ending the thrilling trip to the island and returning to the original world.

It is worth mentioning that this short 100-second preview also reflects the humorous and climactic features of the film. Just when Ma Jin was elated by the huge fortune that fell from the sky, the stormy waves on the sea broke everyone’s dream. After a short period of being at a loss, everyone started a plan for common survival in the next second, picking fruits, saving wood, carving boats, and living a leisurely life on the island. However, in the extreme environment where the rules are weakened, the establishment of the organization is in jeopardy, and factionalism and fraudulent competition are everywhere. Ma Jin seems to have lost his initial heart in vanity and pursuit. On the one hand, he was insincerely requested by Yu Hewei to take the boat, and on the other hand, he was cursed by Shu Qi as "loser" in life. With the acceleration of the music rhythm and the rapid switching of pictures, it is suggested that the film will usher in a new climax, and Ma Jin will also see the light of day and change his destiny. Did Shu Qi make further progress in their feelings after letting Ma Jin wake up like a dream? Did Wang Baoqiang finally leave this "doomsday island" for help? Will LAY, who is in rags, make a difference in the counterattack on the island? Everything needs us to find the answer in the movie.

After eight years, Bo Huang directed and performed for the first time to tell the fantasy "carnival world" for the summer file.

The film The Island, which was written, directed and performed by Bo Huang, not only brought together Wang Baoqiang, Shu Qi, LAY, Yu Hewei and Wang Xun to form a super lineup, but also the team was full of sincerity in script creation. Previously, at the roadshow sharing meeting, Bo Huang expressed that he was not a trendsetter. The story ideas in the director’s debut film began to be conceived as early as 2010, and have been adjusted for eight years. Even during filming, he discussed some contents with famous directors such as Xú Zhēng, Ning Hao, Guan Hu and Chen Zhengdao. The "plot" version of the trailer not only presents a constantly reversed outline for fans in the plot of the film, but also announces the framing, composition and tone of the film, and reveals the deep meaning of topics such as fairness, competition, cooperation, rules and humanity. How many shameful facts are hidden behind the truth covered by lies, and what are the fragile illusions after the scene where everyone seems to laugh? The closed island, the survival of all people, the carnival feast and the good and evil of human nature, it seems that Bo Huang’s work this time is by no means a simple desert island comedy. In the "carnival world", there are bound to be many thought-provoking plots and connotations.

At the same time, the film also released a heavy poster and a set of unique stills, which showed the unique natural scenery and characters in the film to the audience, and the profound meaning was also evident. The seemingly simple "group photo" is a hidden mystery. Bo Huang is thrown into the air by everyone, and the lively scene is vividly portrayed. At the same time, the uniform blue and white costumes and the full smile on his face indicate that everyone will usher in a new life. From the rough sea to the rocky beach of the trickling stream, from the laughter and dancing to the infighting, and then to the seemingly sloppy but meaningful expression, the texture of the film is also on the paper. Bo Huang and LAY huddled in a narrow space with the ground as their bed. Their shabby costumes and messy space suggested that everyone was facing a dangerous natural environment. The sight of the former and Yu Hewei playing chess at both ends of the wooden bridge makes the dangerous and mysterious intrigue on the desert island self-evident. Wang Baoqiang stands aloof and despises everyone, and his tit-for-tat giving orders with Bo Huang highlights his image of "occupying the island as king" this time. Shu Qi, on the other hand, is in the jungle, holding a wooden stick in her hand and looking alert, which makes people wonder whether she has experienced some strange stories in the island.

　　editorial comment/note

　　Chronic mastitis is called "immortal cancer" because it is easy to be misdiagnosed, difficult to treat and has a high recurrence rate. It causes no less pain to women than breast cancer, which will cause unbearable pain, pus and ulceration of women’s breasts, and even cause lifelong disability after breast resection. In recent years, the incidence of chronic mastitis has increased rapidly, which seriously threatens women’s health. It is estimated that one in every 50 women aged 15-47 in China suffers from chronic mastitis such as granulomatous mastitis. In southern cities, one in every 20 people suffers from this disease on average.

　　The prevalence of chronic mastitis is mainly related to heredity and breast trauma, and it is also inseparable from the unhealthy lifestyle of contemporary women, such as improper marriage and childbearing, abuse of environmental estrogen and estrogen drugs, frequent use of hormonal drugs such as emergency contraception and unscientific "maintenance" methods such as breast augmentation massage. Experts appeal that the treatment of chronic mastitis is currently facing the dilemma of "misdiagnosis and mistreatment", and society and women should pay more attention to chronic mastitis.

　　Experts suggest that female friends should improve their self-health management level. From the age of 20, women should have a self-examination of their breasts once a month and a regular breast examination every three years; From the age of 40, it is necessary to have a special breast examination once a year, including mammography, molybdenum palladium phase, nuclear magnetic resonance and ultrasound examination. Once breast lesions or abnormalities are found in breast self-examination or general survey, you should seek medical treatment as soon as possible, and find, diagnose and treat them early.

　　When Xiao Zhang, a girl from Henan who is about to get married, took a bath not long ago, she felt a lump the size of a broad bean on her left breast. Because she was in a hurry to get married, she didn’t take it to heart. Unexpectedly, the lump increased rapidly and the skin was red. Xiao Zhang went to the hospital and was diagnosed as plasma cell mastitis. The doctor said that if we wait any longer, the breast may fester and fester, and it needs to be surgically removed … … Plasma cell mastitis (duct ectasia) is a common chronic mastitis, together with areola fistula and granulomatous mastitis. In recent years, the incidence rate has increased rapidly, which seriously threatens women’s health.

　　Chronic mastitis is no less painful than breast cancer, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed and difficult to treat with a high recurrence rate.

　　Professor Huang Hanyuan, a famous breast disease expert in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said in an interview with China Women’s Daily and China Women’s Network that patients with chronic mastitis, especially plasma cell mastitis, suffer as much as breast cancer, and at present, chronic mastitis is facing the dilemma of "misdiagnosis and mistreatment". Because the treatment of these diseases is very difficult and the recurrence rate is high, it is easy to cause medical disputes, and because of the shortage of medical resources in public hospitals, it will tilt towards more serious breast cancer patients. This is undoubtedly worse for sick women, and he called on society and women to pay more attention to chronic mastitis.

　　Professor Huang Hanyuan, who is 87 years old, has been a doctor for 60 years. He has treated countless patients with breast diseases and completed tens of thousands of breast cancer operations. In recent years, he has devoted himself to the study of chronic breast diseases and completed thousands of operations on plasma cell mastitis. He told reporters: "At present, the medical community pays more attention to breast cancer research and makes rapid progress. The scarce public medical resources will be tilted towards breast cancer patients. Therefore, what I am most worried about is not breast cancer patients, but plasma cell mastitis and granulomatous mastitis patients. "

　　Although plasma cell mastitis will not become cancerous, surgery can also cure chronic mastitis. But once you get this disease, the breast will suddenly have a lump, the pain will be unbearable, and the later stage will burst and purulent, which will make the patient miserable. If you don’t treat it in time, you will also face the danger of breast resection.

　　Heredity, estrogen abuse, breast enhancement and maintenance are all incentives, and breast diseases cannot be completely eliminated.

　　It is estimated that one in every 50 women aged 15-47 (mostly under 36) in China suffers from granulomatous mastitis. In southern cities, one in every 20 people suffers from this disease on average.

　　Heredity and breast trauma are the main factors of illness, and may be related to modern lifestyles, such as improper marriage and childbearing, abuse of environmental estrogen and estrogen drugs, frequent use of hormonal drugs such as emergency contraceptives, and unscientific "maintenance" methods such as breast augmentation massage.

　　Plasma cell mastitis is also a major problem in breast surgery. Professor Huang Hanyuan introduced that at present, the medical treatment of purulent mastitis in acute lactation is relatively mature, but there are many puzzles about chronic mastitis. On the one hand, the breast lumps in the early stage of plasma cell mastitis and granulomatous mastitis are very similar to breast cancer and are easily misdiagnosed as breast cancer; In addition to misdiagnosis, the high recurrence rate is also one of the reasons why chronic mastitis is difficult to treat.

　　"It may only take me about an hour to do a breast cancer operation, but it takes five or six hours to do a serous surgery, because the lesions are like watermelon seeds in watermelons. If one is not picked out, it will recur. The recurrence rate is as high as 30%." In recent 20 years, Huang Hanyuan has devoted himself to the study of plasma cell mastitis and granulomatous mastitis, and developed a surgical treatment mode. The postoperative recurrence rate is less than 2%, far below the international recurrence rate of 30%.

　　At present, the clinical treatment for patients with plasma cell mastitis and granulomatous mastitis is "simple mastectomy". Although this is the most direct and least risky for the eradication of breast diseases, and it has been included in the scope of medical insurance reimbursement, the loss of double breasts will cause lifelong disability and make patients suffer more mental pain.

　　Professor Huang Hanyuan believes that breast surgery is different from general surgery, and the breast has its particularity. Its beauty and function are very important for women and families, so you can’t treat the breast as a belly. In recent years, Professor Huang Hanyuan applied flap transfer to the clinical treatment of serous milk and granuloma, and achieved the integration of surgery and plastic surgery. Skin flap transfer is often used in plastic surgery and orthopedic surgery to repair wounds and organ defects, such as ear and nose defects. The application of skin flap transfer technology in the treatment of plasma cell mastitis has saved many patients with serious lesions who can not keep their breasts from mastectomy.

　　Women should strengthen breast health self-management, check regularly to prevent problems before they happen.

　　In recent years, women’s awareness of preventing breast diseases has been continuously improved. On the other hand, many women are overly sensitive and talk about "pain" discoloration, such as breast pain before and after menstruation, and some women doubt whether they have breast cancer. Professor Huang Hanyuan explained that premenstrual breast pain in women does not necessarily indicate breast diseases, most of which are normal premenstrual hyperplasia and generally do not need clinical treatment.

　　Professor Huang Hanyuan said that ovulation is about 1-2 weeks before menstruation, which is the peak of estrogen secretion in women. Estrogen can promote the development of mammary duct and lead to water and sodium retention between tissues. Therefore, premenstrual women’s breasts are larger than usual, and they are often accompanied by edema and pain. At the same time, on the basis of estrogen secretion, progesterone secretion also gradually increased, further promoting the development of the breast. About 10 days after ovulation (when the menstrual period begins), the corpus luteum will begin to degenerate, and the levels of estrogen and progesterone will decrease rapidly, so that the mammary gland will stop developing and the phenomenon of breast pain will disappear.

　　However, if the estrogen level of women is still high when menstruation comes, the premenstrual breast enlargement will not recover during menstruation, and the pain will persist, which will form clinical breast hyperplasia. However, most people suffer from simple lobular hyperplasia, which is not serious. At this time, although the breast is painful, the breast is not red and swollen, and there is no abnormal secretion in the nipple. This does not mean that breast inflammation and breast cancer have occurred, although it also appears in the form of a lump, but it is a benign hyperplasia of breast stroma rather than a malignant tumor. Only a few serious hyperplasia can become cancerous.

　　"The majority of female friends should improve their self-health management level." Professor Huang Hanyuan suggested that from the age of 20, women should have a self-examination of their breasts once a month and a regular breast examination every three years; From the age of 40, it is necessary to have a special breast examination once a year, including mammography, molybdenum palladium phase, nuclear magnetic resonance and ultrasound examination. Once breast lesions or abnormalities are found in breast self-examination or general survey, you should seek medical treatment as soon as possible, so as to achieve the purpose of early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. (China Women’s Daily China Women’s Network reporter Peng Yu)

CCTV News:Today (October 1st), China Petroleum announced that it is a 10-million-ton refining and chemical integration project — — All the main devices of Guangdong Petrochemical Refining and Chemical Integration Project have been installed, and they have been fully transferred to the production preparation stage.

Guangdong Petrochemical Refining and Chemical Integration Project is located in Jieyang City, Guangdong Province, covering an area of 920 hectares. It can refine 20 million tons of oil, produce 2.6 million tons of aromatic hydrocarbons and produce 1.2 million tons of ethylene every year.

The aromatic hydrocarbon plant, polypropylene plant and styrene plant of the integrated project are the largest in the world. Compared with oil refining enterprises of the same scale, the added value of products of oil refining integrated enterprises can be increased by 25%, and the energy consumption can be reduced by about 15%.

　　　　　　 The construction of the project started at the end of 2018, and it is planned to be put into operation at the end of October this year. It is estimated that the annual sales revenue will reach 82 billion yuan, and the profit and tax will be about 20 billion yuan. At the same time, it will give play to the leading industry to further meet the demand for chemical raw materials in Greater Bay Area, especially to supply synthetic resin materials for household appliances, electronics, toys and other industries in the Pearl River Delta region, greatly improving the localization rate. Up to now, it has successfully signed contracts to introduce high-quality chemical industry projects such as new materials, fine chemicals and biomedicine in the middle and lower reaches of petrochemical industry with a total planned investment of nearly 100 billion yuan.

Guangdong Petrochemical Refining & Chemical Integration Project is a world-class "Refining & Chemical Giant", which has created many world firsts in the process of design and construction. Let’s learn about it through a short film.

More than 600,000 design drawings, 10,418 sets of process equipment, 4.11 million cubic meters of concrete, 270,000 tons of steel structures and 3,377 kilometers of process pipelines. The concrete used in the project can pour 22 nests, the steel structure can build 41 water cubes, and the pipeline can be laid from Beijing to Guangdong.

The main crane of the world’s largest 5,000-ton gantry crane and the tail crane of the largest 4,000-ton crawler crane in China have successfully hoisted the 4,000-ton tower as a whole, setting a new record for hoisting the heaviest tower in Asia.

The project has created more than 100 domestic and foreign industry records, such as "dressing and wearing a hat" in Asia’s largest aromatic raffinate tower in 29 days and two cranes in ethylene plant towers in three days.

After putting into production, the annual sales revenue can reach 82 billion yuan, and the profit and tax will be about 20 billion yuan, which is of great significance to improve the balance and coordination of regional development in Guangdong Province.

　　Since 1941, the Japanese invaders have stepped up their "mopping up" and "nibbling away" against the anti-Japanese base areas, especially the anti-Japanese base areas in North China, and launched a "campaign to strengthen public security", targeting the anti-Japanese base areas led by the Communist Party of China (CPC) and their armed forces as the main targets. The anti-Japanese war behind enemy lines in the base areas entered an unprecedented difficult period, and the puppet troops launched a heroic and tenacious struggle on the same day. The "Five Heroes of Langya Mountain" is an anti-Japanese hero group in the arduous struggle between the army and the people behind enemy lines.

　　First, the battle of Langya Mountain

　　In August 1941, Okamura Ningji, commander of the Japanese North China Army, commanded more than 70,000 puppet troops (including more than 60,000 Japanese troops and more than 10,000 puppet troops) and launched an unprecedented autumn "mopping up" on the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region. This large-scale "sweeping" and anti-"sweeping" struggle lasted for two months.

　　The Japanese army, with a large number of troops and fierce momentum, adopted long-range circuitous, converging attack and iron wall encirclement tactics in an attempt to destroy the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei base area in a short time. The Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region made some preparations in advance for the "sweeping" of the enemy’s encirclement. On August 19th, the First Military Division of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region received operational guidelines and tactical instructions against "mopping up". Previously, the first division transformed the terrain fortifications of the Langyashan station where the main force of the army was located, and streamlined the organization. On August 23, the Japanese army began to attack. Over the past month, the battles around Yixian County have been going on.

　　Langya Mountain belongs to Taihang Mountain Range, which is southwest and northeast. It is located in the southwest of Yixian County, Hebei Province, including 5 Tuo 36 peaks including Qipaituo and Lianhuafeng. At that time, thousands of officers and men of our army and tens of thousands of people were hiding here to avoid the crazy "sweeping" of the Japanese army. In the early morning of September 23, the Japanese army began to attack Langya Mountain. The Japanese vanguard troops entrenched in Tanghu occupied Nanqi Village and Beiqi Village at the foot of the mountain, creating a massacre of many villagers. Then, the Japanese main force rushed out. At dawn, more than 3,500 Japanese puppet troops marched west from Dingxing and Fangshunqiao, and besieged a district station near Beiloushan in Yixian County. At that time, there were about 5,000 people in a district. The attack on Langya Mountain was launched by the Second Corps of the Japanese North China Army, which was composed of the 133rd Brigade of Infantry and its subordinate units. The head of the Corps was Major General Tsuda Meiwu, the head of the 133rd Brigade of Infantry.

　　With the puppet troops of the traitor Zhao Yukun leading the way, the Japanese army moved in quickly. The Japanese army deployed heavy troops at the entrance and exit, advancing from Beiguantou along Dongxishui Village to Langya Mountain. At noon on the 23rd, the Japanese puppet troops had gathered at the foot of the mountain. At that time, the number of troops staying in Langya Mountain was not large, and there were 30,000 to 40,000 party and government organs, guerrillas and the masses in Yixian, Dingxing, Xu Shui and Mancheng counties. We must find a way to organize a breakthrough as soon as possible. Yang Chengwu, commander of the first division, ordered four guerrilla detachments to be commanded by Qiu Wei, the head of a regiment who was recovering from illness on the mountain, and asked them to take advantage of the natural barrier terrain to hold their positions and wait for an opportunity to break through. Through the "flying line", the sub-regional intelligence station learned about the main rivers, Maoerya, Guantou, Dongxishui, Songshan, Loushan, Qishui, Caiyuan, Xueyiling, Nianzitai and Jiulian Mountain where the enemy was distributed around. At dusk on the 23rd, three regiments and twenty regiments from one division attacked at the same time from Lingxi, Aisha, Liujiatai and Wujiazhuangzi in the east and west. The Japanese troops in Guanshan and Songshan suffered heavy casualties and the puppet troops suffered heavy losses. The Japanese army thought that it had encountered the main force of our army, and immediately rushed to Beilou Mountain for rescue from Jiulianshan, Nianzitai and Xuediling, and a large part of the Japanese army was attracted to it. There is a big hole more than ten miles long in this area, which greatly reduces the pressure on our army. Colonel Qiu Wei seized the favorable opportunity and quickly organized a breakthrough.

　　According to the instructions of the head of a division, a company of a regiment stayed as a cover. The task of covering the evacuation of the main force was given to a group of seven companies. The Seventh Company moved from the east to the west of Langya Mountain, and got enough bullets and grenades in a cave, with the cooperation of local militia guerrillas. On the other hand, the main force of the division moved westward from Zhouzhuang via the upper and lower passes on the evening of 23rd. Until noon on 24th, the division headquarters was safely transferred to zhang jia zhuang.

　　According to the original deployment, the Seventh Company pretended to be a main force to attract the enemy’s main force, and then took advantage of night cover and familiarity with the terrain to wait for an opportunity to attack and destroy the enemy. Liu Fushan, the company commander of the Seventh Company, and Cai Zhanpeng, the instructor, led the soldiers of the whole company to take advantage of the natural hazards and the reformed terrain of Langya Mountain, and with the cooperation of the militia, divided their forces and laid mines on the enemy’s way up the mountain. After nightfall on the 24th, guerrilla detachments, government officials and the masses in four counties moved quietly along Pantuo Road to the vacant hole. At about 12 o’clock in the middle of the night, Class Six crossed Langya Mountain and came to the small village behind the mountain. The seventh company sent the first and third platoon to alert, and the second platoon was on standby. At about three or four o’clock in the morning, I received an order to cover the retreat of the seventh company and buy time for the withdrawal of the authorities. After completing the task of covering the masses to break through, the first and third rows were evacuated one after another, and the second row continued to cover. The company commander ordered the second platoon and the second squad to guard the north foot of the mountain and the sixth squad to guard the east entrance. After the second class left, the company commander took seven commanders and soldiers to evacuate along Pantuo Road, leaving the machine gun group to the sixth class to occupy the Xishan Pass, attracting enemy fire and continuing to cover the battle. The two men in the machine gun group were equipped with two machine guns. Ma Baoyu, the squad leader of Class Six, Ge Zhenlin, the vice squad leader, and five soldiers, including Hu Delin, Hu Fucai and Song Xueyi, bundled several boxes of grenades left by the regimental headquarters by moonlight, and then hid them in the most dangerous strongholds of "Yan Nose" and "Little Face" on the chessboard tuo.

　　On the morning of 25th, more than 500 Japanese puppet troops launched an attack on Langya Mountain. On the way up the mountain, the Japanese army from Dongxishui Village to Qipaituo fell down with the explosion of mines. The two-way firepower of the machine gun group attracted the enemy, who mistakenly thought that there was still the main force of our army on the mountain. Five soldiers, including Ma Baoyu, were divided into two groups to stop the enemy who tried to meet at Qipaituo. However, the machine gun even had limited bullets, and the machine gunner retreated after finishing the bullets. In order to stall the Japanese army, Class Six soldiers have been leading the enemy up the mountain. The Japanese army suffered losses in the previous attack and dared not act rashly. They took the form of strafing and shelling, probing in small groups and taking turns to attack. Six classes of soldiers guarded the main road of the chessboard tuo, fought bravely and held their positions, repelled four fierce Japanese charges and killed more than 50 enemies. Until noon, the Japanese did not climb the chessboard tuo. Chessboard Tuo has one road leading to the direction of the main force transfer, and the other is the road leading to the peak of Chessboard Tuo, which is also a dead end. In order not to expose the transfer route of the troops and ensure the safety of the main force, five soldiers chose to retreat to the top of Qipaituo. Ma Baoyu, the squad leader, led the soldiers to climb the top while shooting at the enemy relying on rocks and Woods. The enemy is in hot pursuit. Because the enemy is not familiar with the terrain, some of them were shot and rolled down the mountain, while others stepped on stones and fell into deep valleys. Class six soldiers led the enemy to the top of the road, but also got themselves into trouble.

　　There are three cliffs on the top of the chessboard, and there are no obstacles to rely on, no way back. Five strong men, led by monitor Ma Baoyu, fought fiercely with the enemy for five hours. When the ammunition is used up, throw stones at the enemy. They played out the last bullet and threw the last Grenade, but it was difficult to support them because of the disparity between them. At the last critical juncture, the five warriors would rather die than surrender. After destroying their guns, they jumped off the cliff. Ma Baoyu, Hu Delin and Hu Fucai died heroically, while Ge Zhenlin and Song Xueyi jumped off the cliff and hung on the branches of the cliff, but they survived. Ge Zhenlin was slightly injured, and Song Xueyi broke his waist. With their instinct for survival and tenacious perseverance, the two men climbed the cliff with difficulty, encouraged and helped each other to walk to Xiaoshilin and met Taoist Li, a local Taoist temple. After their rescue, they were taken to the hospital by the militia. The battle in Langya Mountain is over. The feats of five soldiers, including Ma Baoyu, who swore to the death to resist Japan, showed the noble quality of the people’s army led by communist party and the unconquerable heroism of the Chinese nation.

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On Peng Dehuai’s Life in Red Star over China

Handwriting: telegram from Peng Dehuai, Zhu De to Yan Xishan, Cheng Qian

Eleven of the "36 military strategists" of the Communist Party of China died heroically for the revolution (photos)

Inventory: 15 senior Kuomintang generals who revolted during the Liberation War

Wan Li and Mao Zedong and other the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China leaders took precious photos (Photos)

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