The new king of Weibo, Zhou Shuo’s "Opening the Door to Build a Car"

No matter whether you are an auto person in the industry or an ordinary consumer, as long as you are interested in cars and often brush Weibo, you must know a rising marketing star in Ran Ran: "Zhou Jinkai".

Zhou Jinkai is Zhou Shuo’s nickname in Weibo. He is the deputy general manager of the brand division of SAIC-GM-Wuling and is in charge of the marketing of Baojun brand.Since last year, Zhou Shuo’s Weibo account has increased from less than 1,000 fans to 220,000 fans today.

Judging from Weibo’s activity, Zhou Shuo’s activity is even worse than that of Li Xiang, the founder and CEO of LI, the former king of Weibo.Since August 2023, the total number of Weibo articles published by Zhou Shuo in the same period is even more than seven times that of Li Xiang.

Not only that, Zhou Shuo himself also brought a unique marketing method for rims:Open the door and build a car.

If Zhou Shuo and his marketing methods are judged by results-oriented, the total monthly insurance coverage of Bao Junyue and Bao Junyun Cloud is not enough to prove the feasibility of this methodology.

But looking at it from a distance,This marketing method can not only collect users’ needs more truly, but also improve the stickiness of their own users.And with the increasing importance of Weibo in the internal marketing of the main engine factory, Zhou Shuo is likely to bring more increment to Baojun with his unique Weibo personnel.

01

Unique marketer

Zhou Shuo revealed in his Weibo that a media person once described his marketing style as a "third sect" independent of the leadership of traditional car companies and new forces.

Observing Zhou Shuo’s own Weibo dynamics can also confirm this truth: Zhou Shuo’s identity is similar toTraditional car enterprise marketing, new force marketing, car media KOL and ordinary Weibo users.

First, let’s look at the total number of Weibo in the visible range of Zhoushuo.

In the visible range, Zhou Shuo’s first Weibo was published on May 4th, 2023. As of February 4th this year, the total number of Weibo dynamics was 1,491, which means that in less than one year,Zhou Shuo published 165.6 Weibo articles every month and 5.5 Weibo articles every day.Can be said to be a high-intensity surfer.

Li Xiang, who is also famous for his high-intensity surfing, published 89 Weibo articles from August 9, 2023 to February 4, 2024, with an average of 12 articles published every month.

In contrast, in terms of the frequency of publishing Weibo,Zhou Shuo can be said to be a new force than the new one.

However, at the beginning of Weibo’s operation, the contents released by Zhou Shuo still have a strong flavor of traditional car companies: no new ideas, no interaction, just introducing their own car models.

Zhou Shuo’s first Weibo didn’t have many characteristics.

But soon, Zhou Shuo changed his style.It is often possible to throw out interactive questions while promoting their own models.For example, ask consumers about the time of new car launch, the purpose of new car, the choice of pricing and promotion policies, and evenSend some plans of the conference held by our team to Weibo to collect users’ opinions.

Perhaps it was this "questioning" marketing method in Weibo that made Zhou Shuo taste the sweetness. Since then, Zhou Shuo can be said that any information will be released on Weibo, as small as the brand and as big as Baojun’s model planning, it will be released on Weibo for the first time to listen to your opinions.

As the deputy general manager of the brand division of a traditional car company, it seems that Zhou Shuo is the first to adopt such a marketing method.

Zhou Shuo called this marketing method "building a car by opening the door".As the name implies, it is the antonym of building a car behind closed doors. Before the product is officially put on the market and delivered in mass production, it fully listens to the user’s voice and makes timely adjustments to the product to achieve the result of satisfying the user and paying the bill.

Zhou Shuo takes advantage of Weibo users’ needs and adjusts products in time.

In fact, it is not Zhou Shuo’s unique label to be willing to listen to outside voices and polish and rectify product functions in time.

A certain media once told Haitao Xue, a member of the Executive Committee of SAIC-GM-Wuling Co., Ltd., that "Bingo’s steering wheel steering damping is too little" in a communication meeting on the eve of its listing. Subsequently, Haitao Xue immediately contacted his own engineers to discuss how to solve this problem.

However, at that time, Haitao Xue faced the professional media, while Zhou Shuo directly faced the most real car demand of users.

For example, after Bao Junyue was also delivered to the market, car owners often left messages in Weibo, Zhou Shuo, asking if they could launch extended-range and five-door models.

At the end of the second quarter, Zhou Shuo revealed that the whole team had communicated with relevant suppliers many times, and had discussed the scheme of refitting the extended range version after installation. Even the five-door version of Bao Junyue also landed in the 379th batch of Announcement on Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products, which will be officially listed this year.

The result is a win-win situation:Users participated in the process of product research and development in the way of "building cars in the cloud", and Zhou Shuo also created momentum for new products in advance, ensuring the basic sales volume at the beginning of the product launch.

However, although the way of opening the door to build a car has gained traffic, it has also limited the sales performance of the model to a certain extent.

Judging from the data of insurance coverage, from May to December, 2023, the total monthly insurance coverage of Baojun Yueye and Baojun Yunyun was in the early 3000, which barely took over the banner of sales from Baojun KiWi EV.

But in Weibo, the information that Zhou Shuo can collect is obviously limited, and the mainstream consumers in the market are still the silent majority.If the product does not grasp the greatest common denominator of users’ needs, but is biased by the preferences of a few users, it is very likely that watermelon will be lost for sesame.

Zhou Shuo and Bao Jun also know this well, and the most obvious example is Bao Junyue. Although this product has the potential to become an explosion (entry-level off-road vehicle), the configuration of its two versions also makes it a "big toy" rather than a family car with a wider audience.

From the very beginning, Baojun may have intended to launch a five-door version of Yueye to enter a larger market, and Zhou Shuo’s move to collect users’ needs may just be to push the boat.

02

Similar to Li Xiang, but slightly different.

In any case, Zhou Shuo’s marketing method is really rare in the car circle, and his "head of new and new forces marketing from traditional car companies" and "founder of open-door car school" have been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

In fact, Zhou Shuo’s methodology is probably the same as LI’s success.

AL Ries, chairman of Reese Consulting, emphasized in his book "Marketing Revolution"Focus on product positioning, tactics determine strategy, and management goes deep into the front line.The importance, and LI is relying on Li ONE products to focus on the family market, constantly copying dolls, and promoting family labels as the main tactic of play to succeed.

In addition, Li Xiang is the number one representative of the main engine factory in Weibo for high-intensity surfing, which ensures that LI can constantly replicate the process of success after seizing the opportunity of explosion.

At this time, Zhou Shuo is also trying to follow this style of play. andZhou Shuo himself once revealed that he would have a meal with Li Xiang every year and communicate for hours.It is not surprising that there are similarities between their marketing methods.

However, although their marketing styles are roughly the same, they are still slightly different.

For example, Li Xiang’s Weibo content is mainly to promote his own products. Although he often interacts with KOL, it is basically limited to his own "own troops".

But Zhou Shuo is not limited to marketing his own products.Even their daily test drive of other new energy products should be shared on Weibo, seeking aspects that people from all walks of life need to pay attention to when testing specific vehicles.It seems that I don’t care whether my own dynamics will drain the competing products.

It is precisely because Zhou Shuo himself often mentions and tests various new energy vehicles, so he has interacted with Zhou Shuo from Tan Benhong, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Changan Automobile, Xia Yiping, CEO of Jiyue, to KOL.This also helped Zhou Shuo and Bao Jun to further expand their brand awareness and product audience.

Zhou Shuo and Xia Yiping interact to discuss AI big model getting on the bus.

In addition, Zhou Shuo is different from Li Xiang because of his questioning interaction. Asking more questions will reduce the sense of distance when interacting with users, and also increase the user’s sense of participation and improve the user’s stickiness.

However, Li thinks that although he won’t publish Weibo to actively ask consumers’ opinions and real needs, it doesn’t mean that he won’t pay attention to users’ real pain points. From his praise and comments, we can see that Li Xiang himself often comes to various media and KOL Weibo’s comment area to answer questions one by one, and even goes off to refute rumors when he sees some misunderstood questions.

In a word, both marketing guru are very good at using the platform of Weibo to collect users’ opinions and feed back the production and R&D of their own products.And this model is also becoming the inevitable trend of the whole automobile circle marketing.

03

Weibo will become the main battlefield.

With the gradual expansion of new energy vehicles, it is nothing new for the management of OEMs to enter social media.

From Tesla CEO Musk, to Li Xiang and Zhou Shuo, to the executives of Great Wall and Weilai who collectively settled in Weibo last year, even Nezha CEO Zhang Yong made a painful decision to take charge of marketing himself and began to be active on Weibo.

It is an inevitable result that Weibo will become the marketing OEM of future OEMs.

First of all,Weibo platform can create opportunities for car executives to directly contact consumers, and let the management personally listen to the real feedback from the first-line market.Only by truly understanding the market demand can the management flexibly adjust the product strategy and formulate marketing tactics to directly hit the pain point of market demand.

Zhou Shuo publicizes the back row space of Baojun Yunduo.

In the past, executives obtained this kind of information, mostly through the reports of employees in the company. The information obtained was either embellished or deliberately deleted, which was somewhat lacking in authenticity.

This model will easily lead to the OEM’s narcissism, ignoring the shortcomings and problems of its own products, and even if the product sales are not good, it will be blamed on the market problems, rather than looking for reasons from itself.

Secondly, due to the characteristics of Weibo, it canLet the OEM not miss any publicity opportunity.Except for Weibo, the communication rhythm of OEMs is mostly tied to their own product launch conferences and test drive activities, lacking the ability to respond flexibly to emergencies and ignoring some communication opportunities.

For example, under normal circumstances, OEMs will not launch publicity activities for the new product "Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Product Announcement".

However, in May last year and January this year, Zhou Shuo publicized and warmed up in Weibo when two new products, Baojun Yunduo and Baojun Yueye PLUS, entered the Announcement of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Products, which started to arouse consumers’ appetite very early.

Executives can use Weibo to "rub" their own products into the hot spots of the announcement

For example, Weibo, the official of Chery Automobile, has also responded quickly to the Chery Mercedes-Benz incident in the near future. Although this incident is controversial,This also proves that the social media platform empowers the OEM to respond quickly.

In addition, executives walk from behind the scenes to the stage, and they have their own traffic attributes. If we can interact with other executives and OEMs, or flatter each other, or bicker from a distance, we can constantly enlarge our brand awareness, and save the next marketing expenses while playing a multiplier effect.

On the whole, it is an inevitable trend that Weibo will become the main battlefield of the marketing wars of various OEMs in the future.Whether it is Zhou Shuo’s open-door car-making method or the technical interpretation and product promotion carried out by other executives, it is one of the means of publicity.

However, at present, Zhou Shuo, who has established a firm foothold with the method of building a car by opening the door, is likely to bring more possibilities to his own products with his personal influence in Weibo in the future.

A big wave of cultural tourism activities is coming! Come to Wenzhou this National Day.

  The National Day holiday is coming, and the Wenzhou Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Film and Television Tourism jointly launched with the competent departments of cultural tourism in counties (cities, districts).A series of national day cultural tourism activitiesLook at it with Xiao Bu ↓

Jiusan Shu hui da song Xi Cang

  Carnival 2- I have a specialty.

  Time:1 -5 October

  Location:hill park

  Content:Jiusan Book Club will hold the second season of "Carnival of Hundreds of Plays".

  Hometown of Nanxi

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:Jiusan book club

  Content:"Hometown of Southern Opera" is a fashionable interpretation of 900 years of Southern Opera from a contemporary perspective and in the form of youth.

  Song Yunou Fengyu Country Heming

  Time:1 -5 October

  Location:Jiangxinyu

  Content:Start the journey of "Song Yunou Fengyu Country Harmony".

  The Age of Letters-Wenzhou in Time

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Gongyuan road

  Content:Wenzhou stamp mailbox theme punching point, Wenzhou style stamp exhibition, treasure hunt game, ever-changing cos childhood big coffee show and other activities.

  "Entering Ink and Facing Light" Historic District from Art Floriculture to Mo Chi Aesthetic Public Exhibition

  Time:1 -4 October

  Location:Mo Chi block,Mo Chi Park.

  Content:A public exhibition of aesthetic life art with flowers as the media, with the owner’s products of used furniture, artists’ utensils exhibition, theme punching device, small theater performance, interactive handwork and so on.

  Holiday dopamine, unlocking new colors — — National Day Dopamine Theme Life Festival

  Time:October 1st

  Location:Wuma Street-Gongan Road, Qiaolou

  Content:Combine the charm of the city with the creativity of cultural tourism, and set up dopamine market, ancient city concert, parade and so on.

  Nan Tang feng Chao Ji

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Nantangfengwei steet

  Content:Combine cultural and creative, hand-made and other formats, and satisfy the amusement experience of citizens and tourists through interactive games.

  Wenzhou First Riverside Hamburg Festival

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Wenzhou binjiang mixc mall

  Content:50+ national popular Hamburg flying airborne, together to unlock the 1000㎡ fashionable Hamburg Festival.

  The 16th Wenzhou Animation Festival

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:Wenzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center Halls 5 and 6

  Content:A main venue+four sub-venues +N animation tours and cos cruises were newly launched!

  Banwei charging plan

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:Xiaobafang

  Content:Cooperate with merchants in Xiaobafang block to launch a series of activities such as "going to class" games.

  MEGA music season

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:Impression City Yinyou Sunset (BC Building Square), Yinyou Restaurant (Sinking Square) and Yinyou Emotion Center (No.1 Gate Square)

  Content:Three-day theme concert, MEGA City singer started a sound tour.

  Shuangjing has a night market — — There will be an answer naturally.

  Time:30 September-7 October

  Location:Shuangjingfang

  Content:Launching ceremony, circular market, no-waste carbon detection script killing, theme exhibition of "naturally there will be answers", natural creations, and chess encounter in Shuangjingfang.

  Adventures in the Fairy Tale World of Mifang Eleven

  Time:1 -5 October

  Location:Mi Fang Wen Chuang yuan f dong

  Content:Children’s stage play+parade+children’s garden+children’s market theme.

Yinxiangsi front steet

  Opening ceremony and series of activities of "Celebration in front of the Temple" Temple Street

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Siqian Street Historical and Cultural Commercial District

  Content:We will carry out activities such as happy mother-in-law blind date, wedding photo studio, cruise concert, variety show, Jianghu party, and the immersive script killing of Asi Jianghu.

  There is a jubilee market in front of the temple

  Time:1 -31 October

  Location:Yongzhong neighborhood Yan cultural square

  Content:Market stalls include wedding supplies, wedding bedding, wedding dresses, wedding floral arrangements, wedding candy and gifts, life aesthetics, non-legacy handicrafts, artifacts and cultural creations, etc.

  Longyao Xixi Market — — Parent-child camping tide play festival

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Yao Xi zhong xiu yuan

  Content:Tide hand-made, intangible experience, gourmet snacks, band performances, open-air movies, etc.

  TOD international new city impression hui 1 ST anniversary celebration

  Time:30 September-4 October

  Location:TOD international new city impression hui

  Content:The 1st anniversary of TOD International New Town Impression Exchange, Le Di rescue team appeared, and parent-child interaction was fun.

  Wenzhou Wuyue Square National Day Series Activities

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Wenzhou wuyue plaza

  Content:set upMilitary culture exhibition, chorus of thousands of people, high-energy special warfare group, skipping rope challenge and other activities.

  Xinyueli block opening activities

  Time:30 September-1 October

  Location:Wenzhou Wuyue Plaza No.1 Gate Waixin Yueli Block

  Content:set upActivities such as "Classical Dance Rhyme, Crossing the Millennium", "Pipa and Guzheng Concert", "Non-legacy lacquer fan" and "Quasi-European Emperor, please take your place".

  Wanda plaza National Day Series Activities

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Longwan wanda plaza

  Content:set upMengwa military parade, national fashion show, red chorus, 100-person yoga show, K-POP carnival party, creative shooting challenge, "I love your motherland" hand-painted 100-meter scroll and other activities.

  My People,My Country Classical Music Concert handed down from ancient times

  Time:October 3 rd

  Location:Wenzhou high-tech cultural square theater

  Content:With My People,My Country as the theme, he carefully planned a series of distinctive famous music works.

  The 4th Longwan "Good Voice" Singer Competition

  Time:October 4th.

  Location:Siqian Street Historical and Cultural Commercial District Xi Stage

  Content:Build a cultural exchange platform, discover and cultivate new singers, and promote the popularization of art among the whole people and the construction of "Cultural Longwan".

  The 2nd Longwan "Good Dance" Competition

  Time:October 4th.

  Location:Siqian Street Historical and Cultural Commercial District Xi Stage

  Content:Build a platform to show dance talents and exchange dance skills, so that more people can feel the infinite charm and positive energy of dance.

  Luoxiaoxi National Day Market in Luoxi Community

  Time:October 1st

  Location:Longwan Foreign Language Middle School (Champion Campus)

  Content:Luoxiaoxi Market, Luoxiaoxi Community National Day, Wenchuang District and other stalls are dazzling, and there is a gift exchange area waiting for you to unlock the surprise.

Wenzhou paradise Tuyuan Elephant Exploration

  Wenzhou Dalu Youth Music Festival

  Time:1 -4 October

  Location:North of Wenzhou South Railway Station

  Content:Artists devote themselves to Wenzhou, covering pop, folk songs, rock and other styles.

  Wutian old street anniversary celebration

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Wutianlao steet

  Content:launchKirin mecha parade, flying in Xuan Nv, local market, pop concerts, folk music, street acrobatics and other activities.

  Song Chao drama is fun.

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Yinxiu Culture (Wenzhou) Movie and Television City

  Content:launchSong Yunya Collection, Immersion Crossing the Song Dynasty, Dream Back to the Republic of China, Costume Performance, Song Dynasty Games, Coin Exchange and other activities.

  Chinese war dance, national tide market

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Wenzhou Amusement Park

  Content:launchNon-legacy Chaoshan singing and dancing, National Tide Market and other activities.

  Fei ni te en guang ying fantasy night

  Time:From now until October 7th.

  Location:Wenzhou fen ni te en forest farm

  Content:Create an immersive fantasy theme of light and shadow, 20+ night tour punch points, and feel the super-experienced place to enjoy.

  Romantic Genting Hi Tour National Day

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Wenzhou genting grass goes to the world

  Content:launchThe Wa people in Yunnan are singing and dancing in the whole park, and performing arts on the theme of dream night tour.

  Season 26 BE.ACGN animation game carnival

  Time:1 -3 October

  siteOuhaiOlympic Sports Center

  Content:There are summer theme -3.0, cement volleyball court x2, carnival chair -3.0 and other theme scenes, as well as house dance competition X idol performance day activities.

  2024 Chrysanthemum Culture Exhibition

  Time:1 -20 October

  siteChuitaishan ecological villa

  Content:More than 100 varieties of chrysanthemums were exhibited, and several groups of characteristic landscape sketches and performances related to chrysanthemum culture were arranged in the exhibition area.

Xiang Dongtou Photo courtesy of Wenguang Tourism and Sports Bureau in Dongtou District

  "Xiang Dongtou" series of activities to play autumn in the National Day

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Dongsha sleepless port

  Content:Large-scale live-action hull performance show "Xiang Dongtou", "Seafood around the stove" food theme activities, band performances, and large-scale open-air livehouse bar.

  Folk music at sea — — 2024 Ancient Style Concert Activities of Wanghai Building Wearing Music for a Thousand Years

  Time:1 -5 October

  Location:Wanghailou

  Content:"Black Myth Wukong" atmosphere punching, cosplay cruise interaction, ancient cross-border flash show folk music rock.

  Health maintenance and cultivation of "immortals" — — Activities of 2024 Xiandieyan Health Healing Conference

  Time:1 -5 October

  Location:Xiandieyan scenic spot

  Content:Experience all kinds of physical therapy, Chinese medicine tea, national tide juggling, magic and other activities.

  Jiucaiao fireworks bonfire party

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Jiucaiao Beach

  Content:launchNon-legacy fireworks, sea fireworks show, bonfire party, flying trapeze, special program performance.

  Ten thousand people visit Dongtou Hai Xia camp series activities-National Day parent-child carnival

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Hai Xia camp

  Content:launchFlag-raising ceremony, dry land curling, re-taking the Long March Road, tunnel warfare, demining class learning and other activities.

  Tidal beach festival

  Time:October 1st

  Location:Tongmengzhijing beach amusement park

  Content:During the beach sports meeting, visitors can take part in activities such as picking clams, driving ducks, rowing mud boats, playing handball and throwing frisbees.

Puqi September Temple Fair Tuyuan Yueqing Cultural Travel Information

  Jade hairpin, a Yue Opera, was performed.

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:Yueqing yue troupe concert hall

  Content:Jade hairpin, a Yue Opera with a blend of tradition and modernity, was launched.

  "Welcome to the National Day", the giant puppet show of Shan Hai Jing premiered in Wenzhou.

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Be sure to walk

  Content:Start the fantasy tour, the scene of the beast shocked, Wukong Mecha Show, Hua Xian Dream Parade, won the grand prize to win the hotel, and entered the holiday fun mode.

  Puqi September Temple Fair

  Time:1 -5 October

  Location:Puqi town

  Content:There are activities such as Puqi Baxian Banquet, NPC Interactive Deduction, Pujing Supermarket and Music Concert.

  "Yi Wei Yue" Le Du Shu Xiang Market

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:The lobby on the first floor of the library

  Content:Take "reading pleasure" as the main line, and use the way of "setting up stalls" to integrate local art, natural beauty, coffee fragrance, famous cakes and interactive experience.

  "Let’s have fun and enjoy the Wild Goose Mountain"-the 4th Citizen Life Culture Week in Yueqing City

  Time:30 September-7 October

  Location:Yandangshan tourist central square

  Content:Relying on the rich tourism resources of Yandang Mountain Scenic Area, we will provide tourists with the experience of "eating, living, traveling and buying entertainment" with Yueqing characteristics.

  Prosperous all the way • Collection of artistic life in Ouchaoli

  Time:3 -7 October

  Location:Huang Hua ou Chao Li culture tourism block

  Content:"Ouchao has faith, Ouchao has exhibition, Ouchao has drama and Ouchao has model" four theme plates reproduce the prosperous time.

  National day is not a legacy.

  Time:14:30 every day from October 1st to 6th.

  Location:Yueqing intangible cultural heritage museum lecture hall

  Content:Yueqing fine line engraving paper, traditional rice sculpture art, blue clip art, enamel and Perkin painting, traditional bow and arrow making, making authentic hibiscus wheat cakes, and different intangible cultural experiences are waiting for you every day!

  "Song Yun Jiangnan Music Qing Yang" Zhejiang Oil Painting Creation Project and Invitation Exhibition

  Time:20 September-19 October

  Location:Yueqing cultural center exhibition hall

  Content:Exhibit the works carefully created by 30 well-known domestic artists and local artists, with rich themes and diverse faces.

Photo by Pan Lingfeng of Beiji Island

  2024 Beiji in Haiyu Market

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Beiji island

  Content:Set up a special shop in Donglian Square, mainly promoting the island’s characteristic cultural and creative products. At the same time,Delicious seafood, snacks and cakes with traditional island flavor are also gathered here.

  "New Bund Eleventh National Day" Market

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Ruian new bund

  Content:Assemble 100+ booths and carefully collect delicious food, fine cultural creations, trendy new year’s goods and creative ornaments from all over the country to satisfy the experience of eating, drinking and having fun.

  "the voice of northern muntjac" concert

  Time:1 -2 October

  Location:Beiji island

  Content:With the theme of "Mountains and Seas Singing, Beach Concert", the band was invited to the island to hold a concert at Haili Beach.

  "National Day cultural performances sent to the countryside" Huimin activities

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Towns (streets) in Rui ‘an

  Content:Carry out drum songs and southern operas to send to the countryside to benefit the people.

  Hezhai Market (National Day Special Session)

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Hezhai (Ouyao Wenchuang Hall)

  Content:Yuhai historical and cultural block and the manager of Ouyao Wenchuang Museum jointly create a literary life market, and recruit stall owners of craft aesthetics, natural healing, lifestyle, art shops and intangible experience to create artistic and cultural space.

  Fun Youth Life Festival

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:Ruian wuyue plaza

  Content:setThere are fashion shows, street performances, cultural performances, food collections in business districts and other activities.

  Wonderful night of national wind

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Rui ‘an Xinhu Intime City

  Content:Enjoy Ryan’s first fire pot fire dance performance, carnival national tide rhythm music night, DIY National Day leaf decal, and more business circle benefits waiting for you to unlock.

Lishui Street Tuyuan Zhejiang Wenlv Information

  This is the only dream. Lishui Ancient Street is immersed in a journey through the Millennium Song Yun.

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Lishui ancient street

  Content:Create lanterns, night markets, old tea houses, immersion through the theme, Hanfu Garden and other activities.

  Longwantan Fishing Le Hai Hai Festival

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Longwantan

  Content:Fishing in streams and shrimping by parents and children make it easy to walk the baby during the eleventh holiday!

  Lingyun fairyland tangerine picking season

  Time:1 -31 October

  Location:Lingyun fairyland scenic spot

  Content:Enjoy autumn fruits, enjoy autumn oxygen, fade away summer fatigue and start a new life in autumn.

  Dream back to the Three Kingdoms Baizhangkuang Martial Arts Conference

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Liu Bowen hometown scenic spot Baizhangkuang

  Content:With the theme of "Dream of Three Kingdoms 2", let tourists feel different charm of national style and martial arts.

  Wencheng Common Wealth Market — — Yunjiang Fishing Collection and the Second Fishing and Music Festival

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:Shanxi town

  Content:Be a fisherman, have a fishing feast in Yunjiang River and visit Yunjiang Fishing Collection.

  Wencheng Common Wealth Market — — "Nantian Mountain Collection"

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Liuji Temple and Wuyang Village in Nantian Town

  Content:Experience the charm of Liu Bowen culture deeply through colorful cultural and creative products display, cultural experience activities and tourism promotion activities.

Photo source of Ponan ancient street Pingyang released

  It is said that Ponan Pingyang Ponan has a good National Day.

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Ponan Ancient Street, Kunyang Town

  Content:Hold a series of activities such as street patrol, Ponan Phoenix Market and Ponan Light Show.

  Hongdu market

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:Shanmen Town Shanmen Community

  Content:We will hold market activities such as intangible cultural heritage, cultural creation, handcraft and food, and carry out music festival flash, Hanfu performing arts and red culture display activities.

  Red theme research activities of "Autumn Harvest Uprising"

  Time:October 5 th

  Location:Fengwo Town Zhejiang Hongcun Yanxue Camp

  Content:Customize all-round closed military camp special training for young people from basic etiquette to physical development, natural research, artistic guidance, historical extension, patriotic declaration, and independent ability.

Tu yuan tai shun travel

  Sunbathing in autumn

  Time:During the national day holiday

  Location:Nanpuxi Scenic Resort

  Content:Carry out activities such as basking in the golden autumn, pasting autumn fat, making clear fruits, smashing rice cakes, dancing bamboo poles, and experiencing her clothes.

  Celebrate the Double Ninth Festival — — National Day Chongyang Double Festival Linkage Happy Autumn

  Time:1 -17 October

  Location:Xiaocun town Xiaocun commune

  Content:We will carry out activities such as making non-legacy rice sculptures, folklore research experience, painting with lacquer fans, puppet singing, autumn sun drying in the commune, praising harvest, professional free clinic and longevity feast.

Tuyuan Cangnan Wenlv

  Roaming the National Day, Setting off a Xiaguang, 2024 Xiaguan National Day Ceremony and the Opening Ceremony of Xiaguan Tourism Studio.

  Time:1 -3 October

  Location:Xiaguanlao steet

  Content:Hold a light and shadow feast, a concert, an ancient fashion booth market, an open-air cinema, a photo exhibition of Zanhua, a collection of praise and courtesy and other activities.

  Great collection of mountains and seas

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Zhongxinhu park

  Content:We will carry out wonderful performances such as flying trapeze, juggling, changing face, NPC flash parade, and general mobilization of cute dolls, as well as a collection of folk arts such as intangible cultural heritage, cultural creation and food, and interactive experiences such as flower-making, Hanfu, tea-making and fishing.

  Yanting Beach Music Festival

  Time:October 1 -3 at 18:00.

  Location:Yanting beach

  Content:launchMusic evening, street dance performance, special market.

  168 Sunset Camp National Day Carnival

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Jiucaiyuan RV camp

  Content:Immersed in the national tide+camping, enjoy the unique elegance of Cangnan and the beauty of the national style of the camp.

  East China First Surfing Invitational Tournament (South Zhejiang)

  Time:October 6th.

  Location:Mazhan conch bay surfing base

  Content:The first surfing invitational tournament in southern Zhejiang was held to show the "passion" of Conch Bay surfing base.

  Celebrating National Day, Mazhan "Tanwan" Market

  Time:1 -7 October

  Location:Mazhan "Tanwan" Night Market

  Content:Mazhan Tanwan Night Market officially opened on the 11th, and held the first mazhan town Tanwan Music Food Fair for 7 days.

  2024 "Folk Custom Colorful Zhejiang" Cangnan Alum Folk Culture and Customs Tourism Week

  Time:1 -8 October

  Location:fanshan town

  Content:launchWenlv market, kiln owner, float street patrol activities, intangible experience, mine cave concert, etc.

  "Rice" fragrant scenery "fish" you swim with — — 2024 Cangnan • Juxi Rice and Fish Symbiosis Fair

  Time:October 6th.

  Location:Xiting Village, Juxi Town

  Content:Welcome the harvest — — Non-legacy market and Juxi agricultural special products exhibition, rice and fish sickle-opening and fishing activities, a "fun" rice field activity, a "fragrant" rice and fish feast, and a photo exhibition.

Tu yuan long gang Wen LV

  Yue Long Li National Day Market

  Time:25 September-7 October

  Location:Yue Long Road Pedestrian Street

  Content:Hold parent-child amusement activities, concert performances, cultural and creative activities, catering, DIY hand-making, and a series of activities such as punching cards in the United States and Chen.

  National Day Three-Day Music Festival Carnival Attacks

  Time:1, 2 and 7 October

  Location:Longgang binjianghui

  Content:This activity combines various fashion elements such as swing flash dance, Hong Kong retro music party, two-dimensional cosplay, rock music, elf performance, dream bubble show, lawn music, etc., so that visitors can experience the youthful vitality of "coming to Longgang for youth and creating the future".

  Waterfront theme market

  Time:25 September-7 October

  Location:Longgang binjianghui

  Content:Assemble creative stalls such as wenchuang, handmade food, non-legacy food, coffee and western-style desserts to create a brand-new waterfront market.

  Longgang Forum — — "Activating Classics, Melting the Past and Casting the Present" 100 Classics Reading Promotion Lectures

  Time:October 1st

  Location:New Longgang Library

  Content:Through expert lectures, interactive exchanges and other forms, we will lead citizens into the classic world, feel the profoundness of Chinese culture, and stimulate the enthusiasm of the whole people to read classics and inherit culture.

  "Drawing and Reading the Dragon Map" is read by parents and children.

  Time:2, 5, 6 and 7 October

  Location:New Longgang Library

  Content:By selecting high-quality picture books for reading, combining hand-made and bilingual learning, children can learn knowledge in joy.

  "Looking for the most beautiful corner of the dragon map" reading chapter punching activity

  Time:29 September-7 October

  Location:New Longgang Library

  Content:By setting up chapter collection task points in some areas of Longgang Library, citizens are guided to explore various areas of the library and experience the fun of reading and the cultural atmosphere of the library.

  "Activate the classic to melt the past into the present" — — Reading Promotion Exhibition of Hundred Classics of Chinese Traditional Culture

  Time:29 September-30 November

  Location:New Longgang Library

  Content:The exhibition introduces the national library literature, exhibitions, famous scholars, authoritative experts and other resources, and creates an immersive reading space with books as the medium.

  National Library’s "Four Seasons Children’s Reading" Reading Promotion Series Activities

  Time:29 September-31 October

  Location:New Longgang Library

  Content:Longgang Library actively promotes reading for all, especially introduces the rich literature and book resources of the National Library, and brings a cultural feast about reading, growth and imagination to children.

  Source: Wenzhou Wenlv Information

  Original title:A big wave of cultural tourism activities is coming! Come to Wenzhou this National Day.

2010 Beijing, China International Beauty, Hairdressing and Cosmetics Expo

2010 17th Beijing, China International Beauty & Hairdressing & Cosmetics Expo (Autumn)


       Exhibition time: October 25th, 2010-October 26th, 2010.


       Exhibition time: October 27th, 2010-October 29th, 2010.


       The exhibition was closed on October 29th, 2010-October 29th, 2010.


       Exhibition venue China International Exhibition Center


       Organizer: Beijing World Expo Exhibition Service Co., Ltd. (SBL)


       Organizer: Beijing World Expo Exhibition Service Co., Ltd. (SBL)


       Co-organizer: Beijing Meibo City (BEC)


       Industry Jewelry/Beauty/Cosmetics


       Location: Beijing


       Exhibition description


       Beijing, China International Beauty & Hairdressing & Cosmetics Expo (BJBE) was founded in 1997 and successfully held for 16 sessions in the wave of China’s beauty market economy. With the continuous expansion of scale and refinement, BJBE has become a unique and well-known exhibition in the industry, which has attracted the attention of the industry. It is the third largest professional beauty industry event in China after the Shanghai and Guangzhou beauty exhibitions, and enjoys a high reputation in the industry.


       The 16th Beijing, China International Beauty Salon & Cosmetics Expo was successfully held in China International Exhibition Center on April 10-12, 2010, with an exhibition area of 16,000 square meters, attracting nearly 60,000 professional visitors from home and abroad, and 78% of the exhibitors achieved the expected results. The 16th BJBE once again gave us a perfect industry event! 


       The 17th Beijing, China International Beauty & Hairdressing & Cosmetics Expo will be held in China International Exhibition Center from October 27th to 29th, 2010. This beauty exhibition will focus on planning and service improvement. In line with the benefit of exhibitors as the first priority, we have organized a professional audience organization department. At that time, many well-known enterprises will appear, and high-quality buyers at home and abroad will gather together.


       We look forward to the 17th Beijing, China International Beauty Salon & Cosmetics Expo in 2010 to create business opportunities together with you.


       Scope of exhibits


       1. Beauty products: skin care, perfume, body building, make-up, hydrotherapy, manicure, tattoo, aromatherapy, health care and other products. 


       2. Hairdressing products: care and dyeing products, hair products, hair care products and hair accessories.


       3. Appliance products: hairdressing and beauty equipment, appliances, instruments, salon furniture, special work clothes and textiles.


       4. Plastic surgery: plastic surgery equipment, instruments, technologies and institutions.


       5. Raw materials: daily chemical raw materials, washing and personal care products.


       6. Packaging materials: packaging equipment, various containers, special luggage, decoration and printing. 


       7. Others: professional media, management software, education and training institutions.


       Participation fee


       Standard booth fee for enterprise nature Indoor bare land fee (from 36 square meters)


       Domestic enterprises RMB 7600 yuan /9m2 RMB 800 yuan /m2.


       Joint venture RMB 10,000 /9m2 RMB1000 yuan /m2


       Foreign enterprises $2,700 yuan/9m2 $270 yuan/m2.


       Standard booth


       The standard booth configuration includes three boards, carpets, a negotiation table (information desk), two chairs, two spotlights, a power socket (220V/5A) and a company name fascia board in Chinese and English.


       Indoor bare land Indoor bare land includes the use area and space during the exhibition period, excluding the standard booth configuration. (The site construction management fee of specially decorated booth shall be paid by itself)


       The exhibition cycle is twice a year.


       Contact information


       Tel: 13693361627 Mobile Phone: 13693361627 Contact Fax: 010-58850839


       Address: Room 1006, Block B, Third House, No.1A Shuguang Xili, Sanyuan Bridge, Chaoyang District, Beijing Postal Code: 100028


       E-mail: beijingsbl@126.com Contact: Wang Long13693361627

Propagation Path of Handicraft of Maritime Silk Road from the Perspective of Canal Transportation

  In the traditional society, the propagation path of Chinese and foreign handicraft products on the Maritime Silk Road started inland, and with the help of inland transportation, especially the canal transportation function (especially after the Tang Dynasty), the inland handicraft products were transported to coastal ports, and then transported to all parts of the world by sea routes; Similarly, foreign handmade products are transported to inland areas through sea routes and canals. It is the opening of the canal that is conducive to transmission. At the same time, the area through which the canal is transported is also the most important area for the production of silk, porcelain and other handicrafts exported from China. Therefore, as the "Maritime Silk Road" and the transportation channel connecting maritime and inland handicraft products — — The products, materials, technology, development process and external transportation path in the canal, especially the internal relationship between them, should be paid special attention to.

  "Silk Road" is a broad concept, including land and sea passages. Handicraft spread in the "Maritime Silk Road", especially in the maritime route connected with the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, the input and output of materials, products and techniques include silk, porcelain and other craft products, materials and manufacturing techniques. It is no exaggeration to say that silk and porcelain in the Maritime Silk Road have become two business cards of Chinese handmade civilization, and its influence scope and time span are rare in other handmade products in the world. The reason is that it benefits from the continuous external transportation and trade of handmade products on the Silk Road.

  First, the prelude of marine craft transportation "flow" of craft in Beijing-Hangzhou Canal transportation

  As a commodity, the development and prosperity of handicraft products can not be separated from three elements: material, technology and product delivery, especially the product delivery determines the rise and fall of a certain craft.In traditional society, the materials of handmade products are mostly selected from local materials and tailored to local conditions. Therefore, most handmade products have primary characteristics, and the manufacturing process is confidential, so it is difficult to communicate and spread the process. At the same time, due to the limitation of transportation conditions, the circulation and sales of products are also subject to many limitations. The above conditions further hindered the spread of crafts, and many handicraft skills gradually disappeared or lost because of these conditions. The famous pen-making technology of Zhuge family in Xuanzhou in history continued from the Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty and flourished for more than 700 years. Ouyang Xiu, a litterateur in the Northern Song Dynasty, once wrote a poem praising Zhuge Bi, which was written by Sheng Yuhui Xuanzhou:"The more holy Xuancheng people, can make the purple brush. Declare that people are wise, and keep their careers. Tight heart and long hair, the third mate is quite precise. Hard and soft are suitable for people, and one hundred tubes are not bad. "Regrettably, after the Song Dynasty and the years, Zhuge Pen gradually disappeared. According to "Tiewei Mountain Congtan":"Xuanzhou ZhuGeShi, a worker in charge of the city, has been doing his job since he was a child, … … After Zheng He, the name of Zhuge died. "There are many reasons for the demise of Zhuge Pen in Xuanzhou. Apart from inheritance, materials, manufacturing technology, writing methods and other factors, Zhuge Pen, as a famous craft brand at that time, was difficult to form rapid circulation and large-scale market demand due to transportation conditions, which limited its further development. There are countless examples like this. Xuanzhou brush is a famous craft brand that has flourished for hundreds of years in history, especially for many small handmade varieties that have disappeared in the long river of history. Therefore, product transportation plays an important role in traditional craft communication. Without smooth transportation channels, there will be no market, communication and development of handicraft products, which will eventually die out.

  Canal commercial transportation not only brings the flow of handmade products and commercial goods, but also greatly promotes the spread and development of handmade materials and processes. It started from domestic trade, and then expanded to overseas trade, gradually pushing handmade products to the world. On the one hand, the smooth flow of the canal promoted the development of the canal city, which not only led to the emergence of famous canal handicraft cities such as Yangzhou, Changzhou, Huai ‘an, Suzhou and Hangzhou, but also made some unknown areas (canal city Linqing) rapidly develop into prosperous handicraft cities. On the other hand, the smooth flow of the canal promotes the exchange and spread of handicraft products, materials and crafts along the canal area, which runs through the historical development of the whole canal. The Sui and Tang Canal not only undertakes the function of water transportation, but also transports handmade products from all over the country to Chang ‘an. After Wei Jian opened the Cao Canal from Luoyang to Chang ‘an, the handmade products in the south of the Yangtze River continuously arrived in Luoyang through the canal, and then were transported to Chang ‘an through the Cao Canal. Handmade products and raw materials from Yangzhou, Changzhou, Guilin, Nanchang, Shaoxing, Xuancheng and Guangdong were continuously transported to Chang ‘an through the canal. Porcelain was also an important handmade product transported by the canal during this period. A large number of porcelain were unearthed at the site of the Liuzi Sui and Tang Dynasties Canal in Huaibei, including:"Xing Kiln, Shouzhou Kiln, Xiao Kiln, Dongmendu Kiln, Cizao Kiln, Gongxian Kiln, Changsha Kiln, Hebi Kiln, Lieshan Kiln, Jingdezhen Kiln, Jizhou Kiln, Ding Kiln, Cizhou Kiln, Linru Kiln, Yaozhou Kiln, Jianyao Kiln, Longquan Kiln, Yue Kiln, etc.". During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the delivery of handmade products, materials and techniques through canals was more abundant. In addition to porcelain, silk products and materials are another important handmade product transported by the canal. Suzhou, the weaving center of silk products in Ming and Qing Dynasties, produced silk raw materials far from meeting the needs of silk products production at that time, so a large number of silk raw materials were transported to Suzhou from other regions through the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. Silk raw materials in the north are sold to Suzhou in large quantities, and there is a cocoon and silk shop in Shandong and a cocoon and silk shop in Linyi in the "Prosperous Times Breeding Map". Cocoon silk is a specialty of Shandong province, which is woven from the cocoon silk of the wild silkworm (the silkworm that eats oak leaves), so it is called cocoon silk or mountain cocoon silk, which is thick and hard, strong and durable. At that time, cocoon silk was produced in Shandong province, but it was not well-known in Yishui county or Yishui area, Yizhou prefecture. All kinds of silk produced in various places, whether bulk products or rare products, were sold in Suzhou, indicating that Suzhou transported and collected silk materials from various places through canals at that time. After the Ming Dynasty, the origin of raw materials was separated from handicraft production day by day, and the cotton textile industry in the south was developed. At that time, most of the raw materials were taken from the north, and the Jiangnan area with developed textiles used the canal to facilitate transportation, imported cotton from the north, and then spun it into cloth. For example, Songjiang’s textile raw materials are mostly taken from the north and Zhejiang. Songjiang cloth, which is famous at home and abroad, needs a lot of cotton, some of which is imported from the north. Huzhou is adjacent to the Canal, and it has the conditions for canal transportation. Therefore, it is very likely that cotton sold from the neighboring counties will be purchased from the north along the Canal and then transported back to Huzhou. In the exchange of cotton, cloth and yarn, businessmen can not only control production, but also grab greater commercial profits.Easy to get rich. The production situation of cotton cloth in Changshu in Ming dynasty can better explain that the canal opened a channel for the diversification of manual materials selection in coastal areas. Six tenths of cotton materials in Changshu in Ming Dynasty were transported from Shandong by canal. Therefore, when people Wang Xiangjin in "Er Ru Pavilion Qunfangpu" commented like this:"The northern soil is broad in tree art but not in weaving, and the southern soil is fine in weaving but not in art, so cotton is in the ark and in the south, while cloth is in the ark and in the north."All these indicate that the canal transportation has realized the transfer of handicraft production materials, which is an important guarantee for Suzhou to become a famous silk and cotton production center in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

  The transportation of materials, products and techniques in the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal not only plays an important role in the spread and development of inland handicrafts, but also plays a vital role in the prosperity of marine trade connected by it. Yangzhou, Huai ‘an, Ningbo, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Zhapu and Jiangnan during the prosperous period of the Canal were not only famous foreign handicraft products trading ports, but also handicraft products production distribution centers. A large number of handmade products, materials and skills spread to Japan, West Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Africa, North Africa and other regions through the maritime ports connected by canals. Many tri-colored wares, twisted fetal pillows, grape glasses of hippocampus in Tang Dynasty, moon rabbit’s double-finch octagonal glasses and imitations found in Hakata, Fukuoka, Japan are similar to those unearthed in Yangzhou. In Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asian countries, Egypt and other countries’ cultural sites, as well as the Xin ‘an and Blackstone shipwreck sites, a large number of celadon, white porcelain, tricolor and so on have been found along the canal or transported to all parts of the world through the canal. In addition, the materials used to make all kinds of handmade products are also bulk commodities transported overseas through the canal. The handmade raw materials sold abroad are mainly all kinds of raw silk and cotton. Silk is as popular as silk in all countries because of its high quality, and white silk and yellow silk are all best sellers for export. Merchants in Southeast Asian countries believe that "Husi" is of excellent quality, and the silks and satins woven are gorgeous and exquisite, and the price can be doubled after being trafficked back to China, which is very popular. Imported raw materials are mainly precious wood, such as ebony, chicken wing wood, rosewood, nanmu and metal materials. It has been mentioned many times in Ming History that officials went to Southeast Asia to purchase raw materials such as rosewood, rosewood and ebony.The richness and high quality of handicraft exchange are not only reflected in the variety and high quality of handicrafts, covering ceramics, silk weaving, bronzes, lacquerware and other types, but also reflected in the orderly management of input and output of handmade products. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the import and export handicraft products were divided into "fine color" and "coarse color". Fine classification self-management has been implemented in import and export trade, which is conducive to the sustainable development of handicraft products export.

  Two, the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal as the connection of the external process transport path.

  The transportation of handicraft products in the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal is divided into two systems: one is the exchange of handicraft products in inland areas caused by the transportation of the canal, which actually runs through the internal exchange of handicraft products with the "water transport" after the canal runs through the north and south. This kind of technological exchange originated from some handicraft products carried privately by "grain transportation", and then developed into large-scale specialized manual materials, products and technology transportation. Handicraft products carried by water tankers are very common in the whole history of water transport in the canal. For example, in the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, Bi Ziyan, a senior minister of the Ministry of Housing, mentioned the serious situation of carrying smuggled goods by Cao ships in his "Meeting the Demands":"The soil of the husband’s army is suitable, and the single case must bring sixty stones. This court is also full of grace. Today, it is illegal to bring more, cedar boards, full of dripping wet, porcelain paper, attached to Bibi. "The types of goods privately carried by water tankers are very rich, covering almost all categories of clothing, food, housing and transportation, and at the same time, communicating the exchange of handicraft products between North and South. For example, at that time, the native products of Linqing, a famous canal city, were transported along the canal to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces"Almonds, Sophora japonica and day lilies are transported to Suzhou and Hangzhou every year. Spiced black dates, sent south along the canal. "Handmade products from the south, such as porcelain, silk, bamboo and wood, kept arriving in the north along the canal. At that time, southern goods were called "southern goods", and southern silks, satins, cloth, tea, sugarcane residue, tobacco, paper, porcelain, inkstone, indigo, and various dried and fresh fruits, as well as local products such as beans, wheat, dates and ironware in Shandong and Liaodong. The other is a foreign trade seaport connected by a canal. From Yangzhou, Ningbo, Taicang and Hangzhou in the Tang Dynasty to Tianjin and Shandong coastal ports, which gradually emerged after the Yuan Dynasty, China’s craft civilization spread all over the world through these ports. The rise of these foreign trade port cities, in addition to their own natural conditions near the sea, their prosperity is closely related to the canal connecting the maritime manual trade. Therefore,The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal not only communicates the technological links between inland regions, but also connects the mainland with the technological civilizations around the world.

  From the navigation route, the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal crosses five major water systems: Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Taihu Lake, and crosses the eastern coastal area of China from north to south. This area has also become the most important area for traditional society to export handmade products and technologies. The external port of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal across the Haihe River system is Tianjin Port, which is the main foreign trade port of the canal flowing through the northern region in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It mainly consists of the North Canal connecting Beijing and Tianjin, that is, the Baihe River and Chaohe River connect Miyun in the north, Tonghui River in the west and Tianjin in the south. The South Canal connecting Tianjin to Hebei and Shandong, that is, from the Zhanghe River and Weihe River at the junction of Hebei and Shandong to the confluence of Tianjin and Baihe River, is an important transportation waterway connecting the north and south and Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions, especially the handicraft products from Shandong, Hebei and other northern regions reach Tianjin Port through the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. Tianjin shipping terminals are mainly divided into mixed ports of internal transportation and external transportation, and the internal transportation terminals are mainly concentrated on the banks of Haihe River in Tianjin. Sinotrans (marine) terminals mainly include Dagu and Tanggu. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially after Kangxi opened the sea, Tianjin became the main port for foreign handicraft trade in the northern region. On the one hand, Tianjin transports handmade products through the canal, on the other hand, it transports products and materials such as silks and satins, cloth, porcelain, paper, bamboo and wood, inkstone and indigo dye from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong to Tianjin by sea, and then to Beijing and Zhili counties through the canal. In addition to domestic handmade products and raw materials, there are many "foreign goods" and many imported ones.Foreign goods have also appeared in shops in Tianjin, and even a "foreign goods street" has appeared. At that time, Xu Cui, an official poet, lamented in "Hundred Poems of Jinmen":"The treasures are all from the sea, and the glass mirrors are more than the doors, and the orchids are covered with western brocade (referring to Dutch goods), which is strange and strange."Some of these "foreign goods" were sold by Tianjin merchants from the south, while others were transported by sea and river by southern merchants. Huai River’s passage into the sea, Huai ‘an was an important passage to the sea at that time during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. The canal flowed through Huai ‘an from Huaihe River to the east to the sea, and the sea-going channel entered Huai ‘an and reached the inland (Luoyang) through the canal. Huai ‘an was an important passage to the sea in Tang Dynasty except Yangzhou and Ningbo. Huai ‘an is the gathering place of "Hu Shang Yue Jia". Datang’s commodities are continuously transported overseas from Chuzhou, and overseas handicrafts and treasures are also continuously transferred to Chuzhou and Sizhou. In addition, Huai ‘an is an important port for Korean and Japanese ships to enter the Tang Dynasty. From Korea to the south (Japanese ships directly cross the sea to the west), they go south through the coasts of Shandong and northern Jiangsu, enter the Huaihe River in Lianshui County, Chuzhou, reach Huai ‘an (Chuzhou) along the Huaihe River, and then turn into the canal. Many North Korean ships landed in Chuzhou, and Chuzhou has a "Xinluo Square" specially for North Koreans to live in. In addition, the Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty also landed in Chuzhou many times. In 702 AD, the Japanese envoy to Tang Dynasty landed in Chuzhou and went to Chang ‘an after going through the formalities. Long-term contacts have led the Japanese to be infatuated with the rare and precious handmade products in the Tang Dynasty, that is, the so-called complex of "the number of things in the Tang Dynasty is strange".

  Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Jiangyin and so on are the important foreign handicraft channels for the canal to cross the Yangtze River system and enter the East China Sea. Especially in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Yangzhou became a maritime foreign trade hub. At that time, Yangzhou was not as far away from the mouth of the Yangtze River as it is now. At that time, the tide could go directly to Yangzhou against the river, causing serious natural disasters such as ship damage. Yangzhou’s economic status even surpasses Chang ‘an. Yangzhou is connected to the Canal in the north, the Yangtze River in the south and the East China Sea in the east. It has become a relay port for the gathering and exchange of materials between the north and the south and the Chinese and foreign navigation routes. Among many Tang Dynasty cultural sites found in Yangzhou, there are many porcelains from Changsha Kiln, Criminal Kiln, Yue Kiln, Gongxian Kiln and other places all over the country, and these porcelains are finally exported to all parts of the world through Yangzhou. In particular, Yangzhou found that the Tang blue and white flowers were intrinsically related to the three blue and white flowers on the Blackstone and the Tang blue and white flowers fired in Gongxian kiln. The destinations of Yangzhou’s foreign handicraft trade were mainly in two directions: First, East Asia, Japan and North Korea. At that time, Japan "sent Tang envoys" across the East China Sea, arrived in Yangzhou via the Yangtze River, and went north along the canal to Chang ‘an. Among them, "Tang envoys" not only carried a large number of Japanese handmade products, but also made jade, metal processing and other fine handicrafts and artists. At that time, Tang Jin, who was in contact with Yangzhou, Japan, found a large number of porcelains in the Tang Dynasty, such as celadon, tricolor and twisted tire pillows. In addition, a large number of merchant ships from Xin ‘an, North Korea also traveled between Yangzhou, North Korea. The other is Southeast Asia, South Asia and West Asia. This route first landed in Guangzhou or Fujian by sea route, and then reached Nanchang (Hongzhou) and Jiujiang (Jiangzhou) by Meiling.Go down to Yangzhou along the Yangtze River. At that time, Guangling County, which Yangzhou belonged to, was not only a metropolis where merchants from all directions gathered, but also a famous handicraft production base, famous for its bronze mirrors, brocade, lacquerware and hat-making. At the same time, it was an international metropolis for the exchange of handmade products, and merchants and tourists from Southeast Asia and West Asia could be seen everywhere. At that time, Yangzhou’s handicraft shop opened by Persians was called Persian Mansion, and there was also a special reception.

  The passage of the canal through Taihu Lake system (Jiangnan sea passage) is the most important and complicated in connecting foreign ports, which mainly includes three sea passages: first, it goes to sea through Wusong River via Shanghai, enters Wusong River from Suzhou to the east, and goes to sea via water transport hubs Qinglong and Fushan via Shanghai. Due to the limitation of natural conditions, the scale of Shanghai Port was very small before the Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, compared with Yangzhou and Ningbo, the development of foreign handicraft exchange was relatively late. In the Yuan Dynasty, a trade company was set up in Shanghai, and the main foreign direction was East Asia and Southeast Asia. The handmade products exported through this channel were mainly five-color satin, silk, printed cloth, blue cloth and other silk fabrics. The input is mainly handmade materials such as ivory, rhinoceros horn and jewelry. Second, through the Loujiang River and Suzhou, it arrived at Liujia Port in Taicang and went to sea. Therefore, Liujia Port flourished and became famous."It is connected to Ryukyu, Japan and other six countries, so Taicang Nanguan is called the Six-Country Wharf."And it’s quite prosperous here."Datong sails, and ships from Ryukyu, Japan and Korea gather in Taicang, becoming the first city in the world."It is an important international port leading to the sea by the Jiangnan Canal. Third, the Huangpu River is connected with the canal waterway crossing Taihu Lake through Suzhou River. In addition, Hangzhou is directly connected with the ocean by means of Taihu Lake water system. Since ancient times, Sujiahang area is closely connected with Taihu Lake, and the canal leaves Qiantang River in Hangzhou, which is the East China Sea, with developed transportation and developed manual commerce.

  Ningbo Passage (East Zhejiang Canal): The Grand Canal crosses Qiantang River and connects to Zhejiang Canal in the south, and joins Yaojiang River and Yongjiang River in Shangyu, leading to the East China Sea. With the smooth flow of the canal and the economic development in eastern Zhejiang, the canal in eastern Zhejiang is increasingly busy. After the Tang Dynasty, the status of Ningbo Port became increasingly prominent. The East Zhejiang Canal has become an important channel for overseas traffic, the most important sea passage for handmade products to North Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia, and even the originating port for celadon from Yueyao. In 2003, more than 100,000 pieces of high-quality Yueyao celadon from the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties were found on the sunken ship in Jingliwen, Java, Indonesia. This ship undoubtedly sailed to West Asia through the East Zhejiang Canal and Ningbo Port. In addition, after the late Tang Dynasty, Mingzhou became the main port for exporting handmade products to Japan.

  From the perspective of utilization efficiency and influence, the Yangtze River Passage, Taihu Lake Passage and Ningbo Passage are the main channels for the canal to export handmade products. Especially after the Tang Dynasty, with the economic development in the south of the Yangtze River, a large number of fine handicrafts, such as bamboo, porcelain, silk, lacquerware, bronze and daily utensils, have emerged, which has become the standard pursued by people all over the world. Yangtze River Passage, Taihu Lake Passage and Ningbo Passage are increasingly becoming the most important transport channels for canal communication between China and overseas handicrafts.

  From the perspective of time, the emphasis on the canal passage to the sea is different in different historical periods.The sea passages in Tang Dynasty were mainly concentrated in Huai ‘an, Ningbo and Yangzhou.Yue kiln celadon was transported from the canal through Mingzhou and Yangzhou to Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia and West Asia, especially in the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties. At this time, the channel for manual export to Japan is becoming more and more mature."Japan directly crossed the East China Sea from Chika Island (now Hirado Island and Wudao Islands) in Matsuura Prefecture, Feiqian, to Mingzhou, and then entered Hangzhou at the mouth of Qiantang River through inland navigation. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which was opened in the Sui Dynasty, went directly to Yangzhou, the trade center at that time, and even to Chang ‘an, the capital, the famous southern route. "In addition, during this period, porcelain produced by many kilns in the north passed through the Bianhe River to Yangzhou Port and sold overseas.During the Song Dynasty, especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, Ningbo and Hangzhou became the main channels for overseas export.The destination of transportation is roughly the same as that of the Tang Dynasty, but due to geographical proximity, it focuses more on East Asia, Korea and Japan. In the third year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty, it was stipulated that only Guangzhou, Mingzhou and Hangzhou could release foreign trade merchant ships. If the shipping company of Mingzhou releases ships to Japan and Korea, even if the merchant ships from Fuzhou, Wenzhou and Quanzhou go to Japan and Korea, they must apply for export licenses in Ningbo. In the Yuan Dynasty, the ports transported to the sea through canals were mainly Ningbo Port and Liujia Port, the seaport of Jiangnan Canal. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Jiangnan Passage became the main channel for the canal’s external transportation, and its export destinations included Japan, Korea and European countries.

  From the perspective of export scale, the most handmade products directly transported through the canal are silk and porcelain, which cover the whole historical process of transporting handmade products through the canal. In addition, bronzes, lacquerware, prints, fans, paper, ink, pens and inkstones are also products that the canal participates in transportation. From the perspective of transportation countries, the destinations of canal transportation before Yuan Dynasty were diversified, including East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia and West Asia. After the Ming Dynasty, the main destination was Japan. For example, it was clearly stipulated in the Ming Dynasty that the main destination of Mingzhou’s foreign trade was Japan. In the third year of Ming Hongwu (1370), three shipping companies were set up in Ningbo, Guangzhou and Quanzhou, and it was clearly stipulated that Ningbo Port was connected to Japan. In addition, Japanese handmade products are also transported to the mainland through the canal.

  Third, the composition of Huacai handmade products transported by the maritime Silk Road process

  The inland and maritime trade connected by the canal is extremely rich in the exchange and development of Chinese and foreign handmade products, which is not only manifested in the rich variety of products with a long history, but also, more importantly, it brings cross-cultural handicraft exchange. Handicraft products transported through the canal show different characteristics in different historical stages, sea passages, export areas and transportation contents. In Sui and Tang Dynasties, they were mainly concentrated at the mouth of the Yangtze River and the Jiangnan area where the canal flowed, and the main export destinations were Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, West Asia and North Africa. During the Song Dynasty, the canal passage was mainly concentrated in the Taihu Lake system and the East Zhejiang Canal in the south of the Yangtze River, and the output was mainly handmade products, with the main destinations being East Asia, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia and West Asia. With the opening of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal in the Yuan Dynasty, the exchange of handmade products and technologies was mainly concentrated in Jiangnan areas such as Zhejiang and Jiangsu, and most of the export destinations were Japan. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to the geographical relationship, most of the handmade products were exported along the canal in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces in the south, while most of them were exported to Japan in the north. Nishikawa Rujian recorded the handmade products of the canal provinces in the Ming and Qing Dynasties in detail in his trade guide catalogue for Japanese businessmen to make a key reference when trading in China.

  Most of Shandong’s exports to Japan are handmade raw materials, such as yellow silk and silk. , inkstone, silk, five-color stone and a small amount of handmade ceramics from Dongchang. It is not difficult to see that during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a large number of handmade products were transported to Japan via the canal connecting the Yangtze River waterway and Ningbo. The output of the southern region included all types of products, materials and crafts, while the northern region was relatively single, with the exception of some products, more concentrated on raw materials.

  Silk is an important type of trade through canals and seas. It is not only the export of pure products and raw materials, but also the dissemination of technology. From the perspective of silk weaving varieties, the main products traded by canal and sea are satin, silk, velvet, brocade, silk, yarn, twill, silk, silk and silk. Raw materials include all kinds of silk: white silk (Hu silk, Su silk, Hang silk), yellow silk, cocoon silk, worm silk and so on. According to the statistics of Zhufanzhi, the varieties of silk foreign trade in Song Dynasty are: fake brocade, brocade silk, valerian silk, soap silk, colored silk, silk silk, red gibberell and so on. In the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He carried a lot of silk with him, including brocade, silk, yarn, silk, silk and other fabrics. According to "Ying Ya Sheng Lan":"China celadon dishes, bowls and other products, such as silk, silk and burnt beads, are very popular."Use these things to buy rhinoceros horns, spices and other items.

  Not only products, but also China’s silk weaving printing and dyeing technology has a profound influence all over the world. As early as the Sui Dynasty, China’s hollow printing plate technology and plant printing and dyeing methods were introduced to Japan. Not only printing and dyeing, but also weaving technology also influenced Japan. The famous Japanese silk weaving technology "Hakata Weaving" was widely absorbed by the silk weaving technology of the Song Dynasty in Kamakura era. In addition, Japan’s "Western Array Weaving" absorbed a lot of silk weaving techniques of the Ming Dynasty. Our country not only exports a large number of raw silk and silk products to Japan, but also has silk workers to Japan to transfer their skills, which has a great influence on the development of silk industry in Hori and Yamaguchi. For example, during the Tianzheng period in Japan (AD 1573-1592), silk weavers of the Ming Dynasty lived in Miyake (the central city of Osaka Prefecture) and taught weaving skills such as "weaving yarn, shrinking Myanmar, Zhu Zi and forging".

  Porcelain is another important handicraft that spread overseas through canals. The efficiency and safety of transporting porcelain by water are much higher than that by land. Therefore, after the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it became the first choice to transport porcelain by water, and the porcelain exported to all parts of the world through the canal was rich in variety and excellent in quality. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, porcelain types such as Yue kiln, Longquan kiln celadon, northern white porcelain, Changsha kiln underglaze color and blue and white porcelain flowed into Japan, Korea, Southeast Asian countries, North Africa, West Asia and other regions through the canal through the maritime Silk Road.

  Handicrafts involved in maritime trade through the canal include lacquerware, fans, mother-of-pearl, bronzes, paper and pens, New Year pictures (prints) and daily necessities such as iron pots, needles and snack baskets. Lacquer craft has a long history of foreign exchanges. Yangzhou has become the center of lacquer production in the Tang Dynasty. Lacquer in the Tang Dynasty was exported to Japan, and the mother-of-pearl and gold and silver were kept in Zhengcang Hospital. Lacquerware is listed in the list of items imported into Japan in the Ming Dynasty and deeply loved by the Japanese in Volume II of Compilation of Charts. In the sea area of Xin ‘an County, South Korea, besides porcelain, there were many China lacquerware and bronzes on the cargo ship departing from Ningbo Port in the Yuan Dynasty. From the "Zhida Tongbao" unearthed from this shipwreck and the metal weight cast with Qingyuan Road (now Ningbo) in the Yuan Dynasty, it can be inferred that the ship was exported to North Korea and Japan via Ningbo. At the same time, the celadon, lacquerware and bronzes on board include bronze vases (Zun-shaped bottles, Touer-shaped bottles, Yuhu-shaped bottles, Citrus mouth-shaped bottles, clean bottles, three-legged incense burners, Boshan stoves, etc.). It is also recorded in the History of Japanese-Chinese Cultural Exchanges by Takehiko Kimmiya that there are many Zhu Jin lacquer wood carving furniture in Ningbo’s local products, including sedan chairs, beds and couches. Besides lacquerware, bronzes are also handicrafts for foreign trade. Yangzhou is a famous bronze mirror production center in the Tang Dynasty, and many of these bronze mirrors were transported to Japan and North Korea. Many Yangzhou cast seahorse grape mirrors, moon rabbit double magpie eight-flowered mirrors, double Luan Rui eight-flowered mirrors, etc. were unearthed in Okinawa, Japan, and bronze mirrors were found in many ancient cultural sites in Japan and North Korea. In addition, Du Yang’s miscellaneous "Tang Man Cargo Account" was shipped to Nagasaki.Wood painting ",these" wood painting "are the Suzhou New Year pictures of Taohuawu in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. These Suzhou New Year pictures were imported into Japan and absorbed by Ukiyo-e, which enriched the composition processing methods and themes.

  IV. Conclusion

  The evolution of handicraft civilization in China should have internal factors besides itself — — Fully developed agricultural civilization, diligence, wisdom and creativity, as well as openness. As far as the scope discussed in this paper is concerned, this open feature is reflected in the continuous spread of silk, ceramics, lacquerware, bronzes and other crafts to all parts of the world through the Maritime Silk Road connected by canals, and at the same time, it absorbs the handcraft civilizations in different parts of the world, forming a mutually promoting and diversified process exchange path, thus promoting the continuous development and self-renewal of Chinese handcraft civilization. In addition, we should pay special attention to the two-way process communication and communication in the transportation line connected with the canal. The Silk Road is not only a point-to-point one-way linear exchange, such as from Ningbo to Southeast Asia, South Asia, West Asia and Europe, but also connects the Silk Road on land and the Silk Road on the sea into a circular process exchange through canals. The international popularity and status of China handicraft products in traditional society are getting higher and higher, and they have the characteristics of internationalization.

  (Source: system of canals Editor/Moka Fang)

Wuling Automobile is going to buy Wuling Hongguang PLUS, the interior is high-grade

First look at the appearance of the design, the front face is the use of the latest design, large size grille and the headlights on both sides of the connection, looks very domineering, but also a good widening of the entire front face of the horizontal width, visual effect is more outstanding. The lower air inlet is used a blackened design, and the fog lamp position also added a C-shaped chrome decoration, the overall look more dynamic.

In terms of interior, Wuling Hongguang Plus adopts a two-color design with shades, and the steering wheel and air-conditioning control area are also mainly designed in dark colors. With many chrome-plated decorations, the refinement is significantly improved. In the center console part, the new car is equipped with a built-in touch screen and a logo designed with the word "wuling". The new car also provides other configurations.

The Wuling Hongguang PLUS has a length of 4720mm, a body width of 1840mm, a wheelbase of 2800mm, and a medium and moderate data. Among the models of the same class, the wheelbase of the Wuling Hongguang PLUS ranks first. As an MPV, its body size does not occupy much advantage in the same class, and its internal riding space is only basically sufficient. After all, it is limited by the length and shape of the body. Among the models of the same price and class, the trunk volume of the Wuling Hongguang PLUS ranks first. Basically enough luggage space for the whole family to travel. But there is no additional hidden storage space.

Wuling Motors Wuling Hongguang PLUS is equipped with a combination of 1.5 turbocharged engine (multi-point EFI) and manual (MT). The entire power parameters are superior in power performance among engines of the same level, which can provide better power performance. Ranked second among 50,000-80,000 MPV models.

The active/passive safety configuration of Wuling Hongguang PLUS is very complete, includingAutomatic parking,Zero tire pressure endurance tires,Automatic parking,Steep slope,uphill assist,Knee airbag,HUD head-up display,Anti-lock braking (ABS),Brake force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.),Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.),Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.),Streaming media rearview mirror,Autopilot Assistance,Active Noise Cancellation,Engine start stop,Side safety air curtain,Mobile phone wireless charging,Night vision system,LED daytime running lights,Front reversing radar,Tire pressure monitoring,Steering wheel heating,Exterior rearview mirror automatic anti-glare,Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.),Rear reversing radar,Collision Warning/Active Braking,Fatigue reminder,Remote parking,Child seat interface,Lane Keeping (LKAS)Wait for the configuration.

Of which,Automatic parkingIt can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently.Steep slopeIt can safely pass through steep slopes at low speeds.Knee airbagReduce the damage to the occupant’s knee in the vehicle interior during the second collision.

In order to gain a more comprehensive and objective understanding of Wuling Hongguang PLUS, you can go to the Easy Car Wuling Hongguang PLUS forum and browse the messages of users who have purchased the car in history.

"One person buys a house, but the family’s provident fund helps" to introduce new regulations.

  Zhongxin Finance, June 9 (Zuo Yukun) The provident fund closely related to the purchase of houses by thousands of families has recently undergone new changes in many places. In addition to the "routine operation" in the current round of property market adjustment to reduce the down payment ratio and raise the maximum amount, some new tricks and tricks have also been introduced one after another.

  "One person buys a house and the whole family helps"

  At the beginning of June, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, one of the China Special Economic Zones, issued the Work Plan of Giving Play to the Role of Housing Provident Fund to Support Services "Industry First". Among them, the policy of "one person buying a house and helping the whole family" has aroused considerable concern.

  Specifically, employees who have paid the provident fund in Zhuhai can withdraw 90% of the account balance to help their immediate family members (spouse, parents and children) pay the down payment, or they can withdraw the provident fund monthly to help their immediate family members (spouse, parents and children) repay the house loan.

  Some people think that this practice has the risk of "tying the whole family to the car" and the suspicion of "encouraging the elderly". Others think that this move is also conducive to making the provident fund play a greater role. Yan Yuejin, research director of the think tank center of Yiju Research Institute, pointed out that this time it is clear about the account amount of the provident fund, rather than the self-owned funds or savings of family members as previously understood.

  "After the new provident fund policy was issued, buyers came to consult soon. They feel very good, parents have been restricted from buying, and the provident fund is idle in the account. If they don’t spend it, they can only take it out after retirement, and there is a risk of depreciation, which is quite wasteful. " A real estate agent in Zhuhai told the China-Singapore financial reporter.

  "There are people who come to consult. If the children have a house and the parents have no house, can they buy a house in the name of their parents? Now the details have not come out, but it seems that immediate family members are ok at present. We will remind you that the mortgage period may be shorter if your parents are older. " The above real estate agent mentioned.

  "This is also an innovation in the provident fund loan policy, which is innovative and exemplary. The guidance of the provident fund policies in various places to support enterprises and employees will be clearer." Yan Yuejin believes.

  The same idea was quickly implemented in Ziyang, Sichuan. On June 6th, ziyang issued the Notice on Policies and Measures to Promote the Stable and Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market, which proposed to implement intergenerational mutual assistance of provident fund families.

  Specifically, paid employees who purchase self-occupied housing within the administrative area of this Municipality may apply for withdrawing the housing accumulation fund of their parents or children to pay for the house purchase; If the paid employees and their parents or children jointly purchase self-occupied housing within the administrative area of this Municipality and apply for housing provident fund loans, they will not be restricted by the share of the paid employees in the property rights of the jointly purchased housing.

  More local provident funds to buy a house down payment ratio fell to 20%

  Since February, "20% down payment" has repeatedly appeared in the standard of commercial bank loans. With the gradual widening and deepening of the policy pool, the down payment ratio of the provident fund has also ushered in an update.

  On the 7th, Nanchang Housing Provident Fund Management Center of Jiangxi Province issued the Notice on Adjusting the Down Payment Ratio of Housing Provident Fund Loans in Our City, and paid employees’ families to use housing provident fund loans to purchase the first ordinary housing (including commercial housing loans to housing provident fund loans), and the minimum down payment ratio was adjusted from 30% to 20%.

  On the same day, the Housing Provident Fund Management Center of Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province issued the "Phased Support Policy for Housing Provident Fund", clearly depositing the first set of owner-occupied housing for employees’ families to purchase, build, renovate and overhaul, and reducing the minimum down payment ratio of housing provident fund loans to 20%.

  On the 6th, the website of Xuzhou Housing Provident Fund Management Center published the Notice on Implementing Phased Policies of Housing Provident Fund. For those who use the housing provident fund loan for the first time, the down payment ratio of new commercial housing will be adjusted from 30% to 20%, and the down payment ratio of second-hand housing will be adjusted from 40% to 30%.

  On the same day, the Housing Provident Fund Management Center of Tangshan City, Hebei Province issued a document saying that the minimum down payment ratio of housing provident fund loans will be adjusted from not less than 30% to not less than 20% if employees pay for the first and second sets of self-occupied housing.

  Earlier, Fujian Fuzhou, Shaanxi Xi ‘an and Inner Mongolia Baotou all reduced the minimum down payment ratio of provident fund loans to 20%.

  According to the actual situation in various places, many places have also partially adjusted the maximum loan amount of the provident fund.

  For example, on the 7th, Shangqiu, Henan Province adjusted the single provident fund loan amount from 400,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan, and the husband and wife from 600,000 yuan to 700,000 yuan. On the 6th, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province proposed that the upper limit of the single-payment employee provident fund loan should be adjusted from 400,000 yuan to 600,000 yuan, and the upper limit of the double-payment employee family loan should be adjusted from 600,000 yuan to 800,000 yuan.

  There is still room for deferment of provident fund and increase of rental quota.

  On the 7th, Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center issued the Notice on Implementing Phased Support Policy for Housing Provident Fund, which emphasized that the units affected by the epidemic can apply for deferring the provident fund and the depositor can rent a house to increase the withdrawal amount. This is also the main adjustment direction of the provident fund policy recently.

  In terms of deferred payment of provident fund, Changsha, Hunan Province made it clear on the 7 th that enterprises with difficulties can apply for deferred payment of provident fund online, and the loan rights of employees with difficulties will not be affected; Wuzhou, Guangxi, issued a document on the 6th, saying that the average monthly salary of employees in enterprises affected by the epidemic last year was lower than 70% of the average monthly salary of employees in Wuzhou last year, and they can apply for deferring the housing provident fund for the period from June to December, 2022 according to regulations, and pay it back after it expires.

  "The purpose of delaying the payment of social security, including provident fund, and delaying the repayment of provident fund loans is to stabilize market players, stabilize jobs, boost market confidence, and protect private enterprises, low-and middle-income groups, and small and medium-sized enterprises." Li Yujia, chief researcher of the Housing Policy Research Center of Guangdong Provincial Planning Institute, said.

  In terms of provident fund rental, Zhejiang Quzhou proposed on the 8 th to support depositors and their spouses to rent a house to withdraw the provident fund, up to 2,000 yuan/month; Released in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province on the 6th, the depositor can withdraw the balance of the housing provident fund account on a monthly basis, and the withdrawal limit is determined according to the existing standard.

  The release of such policies can be traced back to May 24, when the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other three departments issued a notice clarifying that all localities could increase the amount of housing provident fund rental; Enterprises affected by the epidemic can apply for holdover of housing provident fund to guide the development of provident fund work in various places.

  "In addition to the increase in the quota and the reduction in the down payment ratio, the housing provident fund policy has more room for optimization, whether it is from enterprises or households, whether it is buying a house or renting a house." Yan Yuejin believes that this will help to further enrich and improve the content of the current housing finance policy, directly hit the pain point of the market, and give play to the policy effect of housing provident fund protection, convenience and support. (End)

World Reading Day "Digital Reading" Makes Visually Impaired Readers Feel "Scholarly"

    Xinhuanet Chongqing April 23 rd (Chen Yushi Liu Liu Tan Xin) "Although it is just a small dot display, there are thousands of books such as A Dream of Red Mansions and Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which I can touch anytime and anywhere." In Mingyuehu International Intelligent Industry Science and Technology Innovation Base in Liangjiang New District of Chongqing, the blind Li Yong (pseudonym) is enjoying reading time through Braille e-books.

    Braille dot display, audio column, audio reading room … In order to meet the increasing reading needs of visually impaired readers, in recent years, Chongqing has been exploring digital technology to improve the reading experience of the blind. Nowadays, in Chongqing, "digital reading" is helping more visually impaired people to realize barrier-free reading by hearing and touching, and let them feel "scholarly".

A blind man is reading with a braille dot display. Xinhuanet Chen Yushe

   Braille Point Display Portable Braille "Library"

    The developer of Braille Dot Display is a senior student of Chongqing University. In a summer social practice, I found that a Journey to the Center of the Earth, which is read by ordinary people, has only 142 pages, and the price is only tens of yuan, while the Journey to the Center of the Earth, which is made into a braille book, is three thick books, and the price needs several hundred yuan. "At that time, I thought, can you make an e-book so that visually impaired people can read whatever books they want?" Memories. After that, Tan Tan set out to form a team and began to develop the Braille dot display.

    In the early stage of research and development, Tan Tan and his team went to Chongqing Special Education School for investigation, and attended classes with visually impaired children there for many days to understand their thirst for reading and the difficulties they faced.

    Design, production, improvement … With the joint efforts of all members of the team, it took only three months, and the first version of the Braille point indicator was successfully released. This dot display is shaped like a tablet computer without a screen, with rows of Braille characters on it. It can not only read existing Braille e-books, but also transcode a large number of books into Braille through software.

Tell the story of the development of braille dot display. Xinhua Net Fa (photo by Shi Liuliu)

    After the first finished product was made, Tan Lian sent it to the blind couple he knew for trial, and the other party gave comments and suggestions after a period of trial. "Good place is convenient, there are a lot of books to read in the point display, but there are still many details not done. For example, in Braille reading, the distance between the two’ dots’ that make up Braille should be within 2.5mm, so as to achieve the best reading experience, but the distance between the’ dots’ of this dot indicator is 3 mm. " The couple said.

    After getting feedback, Yan and the team’s friends started to iteratively upgrade the products. After more than a year of fighting day and night, in February, 2024, the team finally produced the second brand-new version of the Braille dot display sample. In order to solve the problems of heavy appearance, narrow application scene and high production cost of Braille dot display, this dot display has gone through 9 iterations and 6 user tests.

    "This pointer is very small, and there are many books inside, just like a portable library. When I used to read a paper book in Braille, I touched it for a long time, and the points on the book became more and more blurred. Now I don’t have to worry about this problem anymore. " Blind Li Yong said.

    According to the introduction, this point indicator is expected to be introduced to the market in the second half of 2024. In the future, he hopes it can help more blind people read and see a wider world in books.

A blind man is listening to a book in the visually impaired reading room of Chongqing Library. Xinhua Net Fa (data map)

   Reading with sound feels the "light" of reading with sound.

    In Chongqing Library, Li Wenrong, a blind man, entered the visually impaired reading room along the blind road. After sitting down, she picked up the earphone in front of the computer and began to listen to audio books.

    In order to let blind people swim in the sea of books and share books like ordinary readers, in 2007, Chongqing Library opened a visually impaired reading room. At present, there are more than 17,000 books in Braille and more than 6,100 audio books in Braille in this reading room. "We have equipped this reading room with smart readers, multi-functional digital visual AIDS and other equipment to facilitate visually impaired people to enjoy reading and know the world through voice reading." The person in charge of the reading room said.

    When Liu Wei, a 31-year-old visually impaired person, first came to Chongqing Library, he was deeply attracted by all kinds of advanced barrier-free reading facilities. "I heard that there is a Braille printer in the library, which can print the text materials we need. I want to try it next time." Liu Wei said.

    In addition to Chongqing Library, libraries in many districts and counties in Chongqing have also set up visually impaired reading rooms. In order to make more visually impaired people feel "scholarly", in 2022, Chongqing Disabled Persons’ Federation launched the "Reading with Sound" Internet audio column for disabled people through the "Chongqing Disabled Persons’ Federation" WeChat WeChat official account and the "Himalayan" platform, and has released 5 albums and nearly 80 programs. Disabled anchors can share good articles such as growth inspiration, literary classics and red classics here, and bring every disabled person to a wider world with warm words.

    Yu Fujun, who has a first-class visual disability, runs a massage shop for the blind. "I have always liked reading. Reading can not only let me know the outside world, but also let me apply the medical knowledge I have heard to massage work and improve my skills. " Yu Fujun said that in the future, he wants to listen to more books to make his life more interesting.

    Nowadays, with the popularity of "digital reading" in Chongqing, more visually impaired people like Fu Jun have achieved barrier-free reading. "Digital technology has opened a window for us to make up for our lack of vision and help us integrate into society and enjoy life more freely." Yu Fujun said.

Think of that year | "Han Tianzi": At that time, Huang Xiaoming didn’t understand greasy.

Editor’s note: This is a nostalgic theater.

When it comes to The Son of Heaven, the first thing that people think of is Huang Xiaoming, who was still very young. Twenty years ago, who would have thought that this handsome and domineering young man on the TV screen would become a middle-aged greasy and overbearing president who didn’t want you to feel it, as long as I felt it?

Stills of The Son of Heaven, Liu Che (Huang Xiaoming), Emperor of the Han Dynasty.

In fact, what has changed is more than Huang Xiaoming. Looking back at "The Son of Man", you will find that the TV dramas in those days were so simple and pure, and perhaps far from the classics, but the good thing is that they are not as "smart" and calculated as today’s hit dramas.

The historical authenticity of "The Son of Man" has always been a weakness that has been violently vomited by netizens. But perhaps, everyone criticized in the wrong direction from the beginning. This drama is not so much about Liu Che, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty in history, but rather a youthful version of "Joking about Hanwu". Take Huang Xiaoming’s performance, for example. The whole drama, especially Liu Che in the first half, is more like a heartless silly boy, who has nothing to do with the well-known Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Poster of "The Son of Man"

The lines of this play are also not flattering, and modern words such as "mom", "boyfriend" and "girlfriend" are mixed among them, which makes the audience very dramatic. The timeline is also very chaotic. Someone just said to Liu Che that "Your Majesty has been in the throne for more than a year", but Nian Nujiao told Dong Fangshuo that "this is the first anniversary of our acquaintance". As for the age of Huo Qubing and Dong Fangshuo, it is also a complete muddle.

Therefore, if someone watches this drama with the attitude of historical textual research, it is obviously the wrong set. This is a large-scale youth entertainment idol drama, that’s all, there is no need to look up at it because of our childhood filter.

Stills of "The Son of Man"

Having said that, the role of this drama in the development history of China TV plays should not be underestimated. It is about the same historical figure, the same historical era, and there is another very successful TV series "Hanwu the Great" in the same period. Unlike "The Son of Man", which gathers a large number of young idols and popular stars and entertains history, "The Emperor of Hanwu" not only takes the path of drama, but also vaguely shows the shadow of elitist culture.

After entering the new century, the film market in China is quietly changing, and it is difficult to make a profit from pure art films, which leads to a large number of film directors marching into the field of TV series, and Hu Mei, the director of Hanwu the Great, is one of them. At the same time, we can also see Li Shaohong’s Ci of Daming Palace, Wu Ziniu’s Granary in the World, Yang Yazhou’s Empty Mirror, Chen Kaige’s Lyu3 bu4 and The Story Of Diu Sim, and so on.

Therefore, whether it is word of mouth or ratings, The Son of Heaven is not inferior to the performance of Emperor Hanwu, and it has also become a watershed in the development of China TV dramas: art gradually gives way to commerce, and entertainment functions gradually replace educational functions, which is also the normal situation that China TV dramas continue to enter the market.

Dou Taihou (Chen Shali)

But it must be clarified that elegance or popularity is only the narrative means and expression style of TV series, and it is not the decisive factor of the quality of the works. "The Son of Man" is not fake in business, and it does contain a lot of historical details in magic change, but it does not lack positive and correct values.

For example, Princess Pingyang in the play was forced to get married by Dou Taihou after her widow. The night she tried to commit suicide, she was saved by Nian Nujiao. At that time, Wei Zifu, who was still a maid, took the road instead. Liu Che heard the news and rushed to intercept it. "Wei Zifu doesn’t marry Huns either!"

Princess Pingyang (Emily)

In terms of status, Wei Zifu is just a handmaiden; In terms of interpersonal relationship, Wei Zifu can’t compare with her sister Princess Pingyang; Personally, Wei Zifu is also willing to sacrifice himself to avoid war. In spite of this, Liu Che did not think that Wei Zifu was an insignificant person, and he was determined to save her fate. Liu Che’s announcement that he would no longer kiss each other surprised the messengers, and made us feel the preciousness of this play-respecting the dignity of every character and every specific "person" is more important than anything else.

Wei Zifu (Wang Ling)

For another example, Liu Che in the early stage was carefree and loyal, and hung out with his good brothers Guan Fu, Guo Scheeren, Li Ling, Zhang Tang, etc., which was a bit like a "silly fool". Unfortunately, after the TV series entered the second half, those precious brotherhood soon fell apart. Zhang Tang is jealous of talents, and an accident is inevitable; Irrigation husband cowardice, hurt friends; Li Ling suffered injustice, but she finally got love.

Liling (Liu Guanxiang)

The death and separation of these good brothers seems to be accidental, but it is inevitable. They didn’t realize their relationship with Liu Che in the end. In the face of power, only the monarch and the minister, no brothers? At the end of the TV series, Chen Ajiao was abolished, Nian Nujiao and Dong Fangshuo flew away, and Liu Che was indeed above ten thousand people, and indeed the loneliest one. Later, the second and third films of The Son of Man did not give up criticizing and exposing the imperial power. Although "The Son of Man" is only a commercial drama to entertain the public, its understanding of the nature of power is very clear.

It can be seen that it is not important whether the TV series is commercialized, but what is important is what kind of three views it conveys. This year’s "Moonlight over Mountains and Rivers" strongly highlights the "human touch" of the imperial family, and makes Zhu Yuanzhang’s royal family look like the "old Zhu family" of ordinary people. This is not only a blunt plot setting, but also a major misunderstanding of history. On the other hand, The Dream of China, which was a big hit recently, was both a joke and a magic change. However, because it pointed out the themes of gender equality and women’s independence (although it failed to be implemented in the end), it won the support and praise of the audience. In this regard, today’s commercial TV series should really learn from "The Son of Man".

Liuling (Lily)

For example, many female characters in this play are more stereoscopic and rich than the clever Zhao Paner. The one that impressed me the most was Liu Ling. Although she was a veritable female villain in the play, she was extremely attractive. Beauty and scheming are her best weapons, and they can do whatever it takes to achieve their goals. However, that smile and cross-flow will make the audience feel that she can never be attached to any man, or that she simply despises any man.

She was so bad that she was so brazenly bad that she became a prisoner near the end, still smiling and smiling. This openness makes the male villains like Zhang Tang, who wander in the gray space, seem to be eclipsed. Such unforgettable female villains are almost extinct today. It seems that today’s screenwriters don’t even know how to write a bad guy.

Second, Nian Nujiao, an understanding and charming girl, is not only beautiful and intelligent, but also a natural soul who loves freedom. Liu Che, the son of heaven, fell in love with her at first sight, but she was unmoved. Dong Fangshuo was always the only one in her heart.

Nian Nujiao (Alyssa Chia) and Dong Fangshuo (Chen Daoming)

Dong Fangshuo dare not accept Nian Nujiao’s love, because he has his own ambitions, and he knows best the truth of accompanying a gentleman like a tiger. What he fears most is that he can’t give Niannujiao happiness. Nian Nujiao hid in the karaoke room and specially danced a song "There are beautiful trees in the East" for him. He asked, shouldn’t there be Jiamu in the south? In fact, how could he not understand why Nian Nujiao was changed to "Oriental"? How could Dong Fangshuo want to miss such a good girl who never bowed to power and devoted herself to pursuing true love?

I especially like the ending of "The Son of Man". Seeing Liu Che’s madness on the throne of the emperor, Dong Fangshuo decided to join hands with Nian Nujiao to retire to the mountains. Nian Nujiao asked, "Where are we going now?" Dong Fangshuo pointed to her heart and her own and said, "I will come to you, and you will come to me." This is really the most touching love story in the world.

"Classic Love Words" in "The Son of Man"

The most important thing is, over the years, I have watched the so-called "Big Lady" step by step to reach the peak of power and start a so-called "career", but I miss Dong Fangshuo and Nian Nujiao’s free and easy and wise. When I think about it carefully, the TV series at that time didn’t have excessive peeling, soft light, exaggerated special effects and filters. Just like Huang Xiaoming, he didn’t know what greasy was, and he didn’t cater to the needs of fans and traffic blindly. This sincerity is perhaps the most valuable place in The Son of Heaven.

[Specially published by Shanghai Literature and Art Review Special Fund]

Authoritative Interpretation | "Measures for Civil Servants’ Peacetime Assessment (Trial)"

The term "peacetime assessment of civil servants" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the fact that organs at all levels, in accordance with the cadre management authority, are rightNon-leading civil servantsUnderstanding, verification and evaluation of daily work and consistent performance.
Assessment principle:
Adhere to the principle of the Party governing cadres.
Insist on putting political standards first.
Adhere to the combination of strict management and love, and pay equal attention to encouragement and restraint.
Adhere to objectivity, justice and precision science.
Adhere to pay attention to performance, clear rewards and punishments.
Adhere to the classification, simple and easy.
Implementation subject:
The usual assessment of civil servants is organized and implemented by their organs. As an important starting point for strengthening the daily management of civil servants, the Party Committee (Party Group) undertakes the main responsibility of assessment work, and the organization (personnel) department undertakes specific work responsibilities.
The competent department of civil servants is responsible for the professional guidance, comprehensive management, supervision and inspection of civil servants’ usual assessment work.
Assessment content:
The assessment of civil servants at ordinary times is based on their job responsibilities and tasks, so as to know civil servants in time.Morality, ability, diligence, achievement and honestyDaily performance, focusing on the assessment of in-depth study and implementation of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, observing political discipline and rules, practicing the Party’s mass line, completing daily tasks and stage work objectives, and undertaking urgent and dangerous tasks, handling complex problems, and coping with major tests.
Civil servants in window units and service departments directly facing the masses should highlight the assessment of service attitude, service quality and the fulfillment of service commitments, pay attention to understanding the effectiveness of doing practical and difficult things for the masses, and pay attention to the satisfaction of the masses.
Assessment procedures:
(1) Personal summary. Civil servants shall make a brief summary of their work performance according to the requirements, duties, tasks or assessment indicators of the authorities, and report it to the competent leader in written or oral form.
(2) Audit and evaluation. The leaders in charge shall review the personal summary of civil servants and put forward suggestions on the grades of assessment results, which shall be examined and approved by the main leaders at the same level, or by the leading bodies or organs (personnel) departments.
Civil servants in window units and service departments directly facing the masses can carry out service object evaluation within a certain range.
(3) Feedback of results. Relevant leaders or organizations (personnel) departments shall take appropriate measures to timely feedback the assessment results to civil servants themselves, affirm achievements, point out deficiencies, put forward improvement requirements and listen to their opinions.
Examination results:
The assessment results of civil servants are divided into four grades: good, good, average and poor.
In principle, the number of civil servants with good grades is within 40% of the total number of civil servants who participate in the usual assessment of this organ. Civil servants with good grades shall be made public within the scope of their own organs.
Result application:
For civil servants whose assessment results are good at ordinary times,Give timely praise in an appropriate way, and give material rewards in accordance with relevant regulations. For civil servants who have consistently performed well in peacetime assessment, priority is given to selection and appointment, promotion of post rank, and excellent evaluation.
For civil servants whose usual assessment results are ordinary grades,Talk to remind in time. For civil servants whose assessment results are poor at ordinary times, criticize and educate them in time and admonish them when necessary. If violations of discipline and law are found, they shall be handled in accordance with relevant disciplines and laws and regulations.
The usual assessment results are linked to the annual assessment results.If the annual assessment is determined to be excellent, it should be produced from the civil servants who have more good grades and no general or poor grades. When the usual assessment results are good grades, the annual assessment can be prioritized as excellent grades within the prescribed proportion.
If the cumulative number of ordinary and poor assessment results in that year exceeds half,In principle, the annual assessment should be determined as basically competent or incompetent.
If the usual assessment results in that year are poor,The annual assessment can be directly determined as incompetence.
The competent department of civil servants at or above the county level may, according to the development of the usual assessment work, adjust the proportion of outstanding grades in the annual assessment of organs within its jurisdiction, and the adjusted proportion shall not exceed 35%.
Grasp the special circumstances:
When civil servants undertake urgent and dangerous tasks, deal with complex problems, and respond to major tests, they have outstanding performance, remarkable achievements and contributions. The current peacetime assessment results can be directly determined as good grades and rewarded in time.
If a civil servant does not obey the organizational arrangement at a critical juncture or critical moment, or causes adverse consequences by passing the buck or perfunctory responsibilities, the usual assessment results in the current period can be directly determined as poor.
Civil servants sent to participate in study and training, transferred to participate in special work, their usual assessment by the local authorities according to the actual situation of reasonable arrangements.
If the accumulated time of sick leave and personal leave exceeds half of the usual assessment period of the current period, they will participate in the assessment, and the order is uncertain.
Reporting/feedback

There are some truths you need to know. novel coronavirus’s means of infection have been exposed.

This Spring Festival, we have not had a good year, because of novel coronavirus.

At the request of the government, weNo New Year greetings, no dinners, wearing masks when going out, and washing hands frequently when going home.

We know these requirements, but we don’t know why.

This has led to some people being scared, extremely sensitive, and feeling that they are being poisoned all day.

There are still some people who don’t take it seriously at all. They can’t even wear masks at any time.

Today I’m going to give you a lecture on popular science.How did novel coronavirus infect ordinary people? 

one

In novel coronavirus, the transmission route adopted is the most awesome air transmission.

The reason why air transmission is so severe is that it is concealed, but in fact, the scope of infection is not large.

Can be spread through the air, can be described as pervasive, the scope of infection is not large?

In my articles on pneumonia in Wuhan these days, I once told you that the so-called air transmission is not through the air in essence, butTransmission by droplets.

The virus can’t exist alone without the carrier. Without the droplet, it is nothing.

The infectivity of droplet transmission is the strongest within 3 meters, and the maximum is no more than 10 meters. Generally, 5 meters is very safe.

In fact, the mode of infection of pneumonia in Wuhan is highly similar to that of a cold. If there are no droplets, there is no infection.

Most of the droplets are produced by sneezing.

What exactly is a droplet?

Here is a video about the secret of cold infection. I think it is very good. It is also applicable to replace the cold with coronavirus. 

Humans evolved the ability to sneeze, which was originally intended to drive away the dirty things attached to the nasal mucosa, but this function was used by viruses and became the best means of virus transmission.

When a sneeze goes down, countless viruses and bacteria spread along the droplets within 10 meters around, which is droplet propagation.

In a closed environment, these droplets can even exist in the form of aerosol, hovering in the air for several hours without landing, and being continuously inhaled by you.

The British "Daily Mail" once reported:

People suffering from upper respiratory diseases such as colds sneeze indoors in public places, and the pathogenic microorganisms contained in them can attach to handrails, seats, door handles and other places where people are constantly scratching and touching them within 2 seconds, and can infect 150 people with cold virus within 5 minutes!

This is the reason why we look for "close contacts" and ordinary people in the same car as the patients as soon as we find the infected people. 

Moreover, this droplet can not only be inhaled by you through the respiratory system, but also spread through the conjunctiva if a large droplet happens to fall in your eyes.

Some time ago, a medical expert was infected through his eyes, and the source was the patient’s droplets.

The best way to deal with this kind of droplets is to wear a mask.

The body of the virus is nano-scale, so tiny that no mask can stop it.

However, the virus must be attached to droplets to have the vitality to spread, which makes it possible to stop the virus.

Take N95 mask as an example. This mask has a blocking rate of more than 95% for particles of 0.3 micron, and the size of droplets, generally 1~5 microns, can be easily blocked by N95 mask.

Stop the droplets, we stop the virus.

Except N95, most ordinary masks actually have strong protective functions.Even if you cover it with a towel, it’s much better than nothing.

Anything that can stop the droplets is meaningful to isolate the virus.

Wearing a mask contributes a lot to the eradication of coronavirus. On the one hand, it can protect you from the virus, on the other hand, it can limit your own sneezing within the mask to protect others.

This double protection makes the mask a well-deserved epidemic prevention artifact.

In addition, although coronavirus is spread by droplets, if this droplet floats on your hands and you rub your eyes, touch your nose and lips without washing your hands when you go home, you will be infected as well.

Therefore, it is obviously an airborne coronavirus. Besides wearing a mask, you are also required to go home and wash your hands. This is the reason.

Say so much, is to let you go out and wear a mask honestly, don’t take any chances, a sneeze can spread millions of bacteria and hundreds of millions of viruses.

But you don’t need to panic too much, because the human body is naturally extremely resistant to all viruses, even novel coronavirus. 

2

As I said just now, a sneeze can spread hundreds of millions of viruses and instantly fill all the spaces around a few meters.

Can these viruses infect hundreds of millions of people?

Dream, it’s good that such a small amount of virus can infect one or two people.

Many people think that as long as they come into contact with the virus, they will die.

But in fact, even if the virus is new and infectious, it needs a certain amount to infect human beings, and sporadic viruses are useless.

Even with HIV, not everyone who comes into contact with HIV will get sick. The more the first contact, the greater the probability of getting sick.

A virus can infect the human body and then spread to the whole human being. This kind of thing only exists in science fiction.

After successfully infecting human body, bacteria will divide once every 20~30 minutes, and the number will double.

One E.coli, assuming that it reproduces every 20 minutes, how many E.coli can you guess after two days?

After 8 hours, you will get 16.77 million Escherichia coli.

After 10 hours, you will get 1.07 billion E. coli.

I won’t list the figures behind, there are too many zeros, and it doesn’t make sense for you to read them.

In two days, you will get a big lump of E.coli, the total weight of which will exceed that of the earth. . .

Viruses reproduce much faster than bacteria.

Therefore, it is impossible for the human body to allow bacteria and viruses to multiply at such a high speed. If they continue to multiply at this speed, even beneficial bacteria can kill people within 24 hours, because the nutrients in your whole body are not enough for bacteria to use.

The only reason why you were not killed by germs within 24 hours is because your immune system works all the time, successfully suppressing germs and destroying their breeding environment.

It takes time for the human immune system to respond. It needs to identify abnormal proteins in the body and issue instructions, so that immune cells can have a clear target without accidentally injuring ordinary cells.

Bacteria and viruses that invade the human body need to breed a considerable number before the immune system reacts, in order to survive the first wave of encirclement and suppression of the white blood cell army.

It is inevitable to be constantly killed by white blood cells, but as long as the number of new reproduction exceeds the number killed by white blood cells, it means that the bacteria have successfully gained a foothold in you.

The immune system in your body will raise your body temperature, destroy the breeding environment of germs, and issue a national general mobilization order to mobilize all resources to expand the leukocyte army and carry out a new round of encirclement and suppression.

In other words, you are ill.

So just a few hours before the invasion of the human body, it is extremely critical that the base number of bacteria must be large enough to take the opportunity to breed a sufficient number in these short hours. So as to gain a foothold and survive the first wave of encirclement and suppression of white blood cells.

1 virus, and 10 thousand viruses, the difference is really too far.

Although in the later stage, you can spread hundreds of millions of viruses with a sneeze, 10 thousand viruses are worthless.

But in the early stage, the gap between 1 and 10 thousand is the gap between life and death.

The base of the invasion is large enough to be called a virus.

If the invasion base is not large enough, it becomes a vaccine. . .

As long as you isolate a large number of droplets through the mask and reduce the virus entering the body below the threshold, even if you encounter a small number of viruses, you will be fine. 

three

The reason why viruses and bacteria multiply so fast is that their mortality rate is too alarming.

In the human body, they are hunted by the immune system.

After leaving the human body, they die even worse.

When you sneeze, the virus in the droplets will lose its infectivity in the sun for only a few minutes. In the dark, the appeal can only last for a few hours.

On the surface of common objects, the infectivity can last for two or three days, and it can last up to 10 days in excrement.

Viruses are indeed more infectious than bacteria, but their viability is much weaker.

Spraying disinfectant in the form of aerosol can effectively destroy the environment inside the droplets and lead to virus inactivation.

And if in a ventilated open area, although the droplets will spread further, the virus density will drop geometrically and will soon fall below the pathogenic threshold, so the hospital pays great attention to ventilation and disinfection in order to reduce the virus density.

In ordinary environment, 3~5 meters is enough to ensure your safety.

According to the latest news on January 27th, Ceng Guang, a member of National Health Commission high-level expert group, expressed his attitude towards two cases of infants in Beijing. In principle, everyone is susceptible.

Coronavirus is terrible, highly contagious, and the route of transmission is hidden, and no matter men, women and children are spared.

But as long as we wear masks, wash our hands frequently and disinfect more, we will keep a distance of three to five meters from everyone.

Even if the few remaining coronaviruses enter your body,The end result can only be a vaccine. . .

Again:Wear a mask, wash your hands frequently, and disinfect more, three to five meters.

Original title: There are some truths that you must know. The means of infection in novel coronavirus are exposed.

[Disclaimer] The texts, pictures, audio and video that are not marked with "Source: Upstream News-chongqing morning post" or "Upstream News LOGO" on the upstream news client are all reposted. If the reposted manuscript involves copyright issues, please contact the upstream news.